koo*_*ool 193 python java exception stack-trace
我知道print(e)(其中e是异常)打印发生的异常但是,我试图找到相当于Java的python,e.printStackTrace()它确切地追踪它发生的行的异常并打印出它的整个痕迹.
有谁能告诉我相当于e.printStackTrace()Python?
Thi*_*ter 267
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
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在except ...:块内执行此操作时,它将自动使用当前异常.有关更多信息,请参阅http://docs.python.org/library/traceback.html.
dav*_*one 110
还有logging.exception.
import logging
...
try:
g()
except Exception as ex:
logging.exception("Something awful happened!")
# will print this message followed by traceback
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输出:
ERROR 2007-09-18 23:30:19,913 error 1294 Something awful happened!
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "b.py", line 22, in f
g()
File "b.py", line 14, in g
1/0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
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(来自http://blog.tplus1.com/index.php/2007/09/28/the-python-logging-module-is-much-better-than-print-statements/通过如何打印完整的追溯而不用停止该计划?)
Aar*_*all 16
ethon中的e.printStackTrace等价物
在Java中,这将执行以下(docs):
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)public void printStackTrace()将此throwable及其回溯打印到标准错误流...
这是这样使用的:
try
{
// code that may raise an error
}
catch (IOException e)
{
// exception handling
e.printStackTrace();
}
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在Java中,标准错误流是无缓冲的,因此输出立即到达.
import traceback
import sys
try: # code that may raise an error
pass
except IOError as e: # exception handling
# in Python 2, stderr is also unbuffered
print >> sys.stderr, traceback.format_exc()
# in Python 2, you can also from __future__ import print_function
print(traceback.format_exc(), file=sys.stderr)
# or as the top answer here demonstrates, use:
traceback.print_exc()
# which also uses stderr.
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在Python 3中,我们可以直接从异常对象获取回溯(这对于线程代码来说可能表现得更好).此外,stderr是行缓冲的,但是print函数得到一个flush参数,所以这会立即打印到stderr:
print(traceback.format_exception(None, # <- type(e) by docs, but ignored
e, e.__traceback__),
file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
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结论:
因此,在Python 3中,traceback.print_exc()虽然它sys.stderr 默认使用,但会缓冲输出,并且您可能会丢失它.因此,要获得等同的语义可能,在Python 3,使用print带flush=True.
添加到其他伟大的答案,我们可以使用Pythonlogging库的debug(),info(),warning(),error(),和critical()方法。引用Python 3.7.4的文档,
在 kwargs 中检查了三个关键字参数: exc_info 如果它不评估为 false,则会导致将异常信息添加到日志消息中。
这意味着,您可以使用 Pythonlogging库输出debug()或其他类型的消息,并且该logging库将在其输出中包含堆栈跟踪。考虑到这一点,我们可以执行以下操作:
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
def f():
a = { 'foo': None }
# the following line will raise KeyError
b = a['bar']
def g():
f()
try:
g()
except Exception as e:
logger.error(str(e), exc_info=True)
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它会输出:
'bar'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-2-8ae09e08766b>", line 18, in <module>
g()
File "<ipython-input-2-8ae09e08766b>", line 14, in g
f()
File "<ipython-input-2-8ae09e08766b>", line 10, in f
b = a['bar']
KeyError: 'bar'
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