使用Java创建Access数据库文件(.mdb或.accdb)

Question

目前我有一个应用程序,我可以使用JdbcOdbcDriver访问.mdb或.accdb文件以附加一些数据.

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
        con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:MsAccessDSN");

但在此,我需要配置系统DSN.我们需要添加新的数据源(Microsoft Access Driver),然后需要提供.mdb文件的位置.只有这样,上面的代码才有用.

假设我想在其他系统上运行我的应用程序,那么我需要对该计算机执行相同的操作.如果我将我的应用程序提供给客户端,他/她不知道如何配置.mdb文件.那么我的全部努力都会浪费.因此,我可以使用任何驱动程序通过我的Java代码创建.mdb文件,然后将所有数据附加到.mdb文件的表中.或者还有其他方法,Java代码可以创建.mdb文件并能够访问此数据库文件.

我尝试了这个代码,无需配置系统DNS即可附加数据:

public class TestMsAccess {

private static Connection con;
private static Statement stm;
private static String tableName = "EmpDetail";
private static int id_is = 2;
private static String name_is = "Employee1";

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
    Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
    con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ=D:\\MSAccessProject/Employee.mdb", "", "");

    stm = con.createStatement();
    // enter value into table
     String addRow = "INSERT INTO " + tableName  + " VALUES ( "
        + id_is + ", '" 
        + name_is + "')";
     stm.execute(addRow);

     if (con != null) { con.close(); }
     if (stm != null) { stm.close(); }
}

}

但问题是,此代码不会自动创建.mdb文件,但在运行此代码之前创建.mbd文件和表时可以正常工作.

Answer 1

Jackcess 2.x的更新:现在使用创建(或打开)DatabaseBuilder数据库,因此创建一个新的数据库文件

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database.FileFormat;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.DatabaseBuilder;

public class JackcessDemoMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String dbPath = "C:/Users/Public/newDb.accdb";
        // using try-with-resources is recommended to ensure that 
        //   the Database object will be closed properly
        try (Database db = DatabaseBuilder.create(FileFormat.V2010, new File(dbPath))) {
            System.out.println("The database file has been created.");
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            ioe.printStackTrace(System.err);
        }

    }

}

Jackcess 1.x的原始答案(已弃用):

如果您想通过java创建".mdb"文件,可以使用Jackcess Java库,它是用于读取和写入MS Access数据库的纯Java库之一.目前支持的版本包括2000-2007我猜.请查看以下示例以便更好地理解:

1. 从http://jmonscess.sourceforge.net/下载Jackcess Java库(jackcess-1.2.6.jar), 从http://commons.apache.org/logging/download_logging.cgi 和commons 下载commons-logging-1.1.jar -lang-2.0.jar来自http://www.findjar.com/index.x?query=commons-lang
2. 将两个jar添加到类路径中.
3. 尝试以下代码自动创建数据库:

package com.jackcess.lib;


import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.ColumnBuilder;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Table;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.TableBuilder;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;

/**
 *
 * @author sarath_ivan
 */
public class JackcessLibrary {

    private static Database createDatabase(String databaseName) throws IOException {
        return Database.create(new File(databaseName));
    }

    private static TableBuilder createTable(String tableName) {
        return new TableBuilder(tableName);
    }

    public static void addColumn(Database database, TableBuilder tableName, String columnName, Types sqlType) throws SQLException, IOException {
        tableName.addColumn(new ColumnBuilder(columnName).setSQLType(Types.INTEGER).toColumn()).toTable(database);
    }

    public static void startDatabaseProcess() throws IOException, SQLException {
        String databaseName = "C:/Users/compaq/Desktop/employeedb.mdb"; // Creating an MS Access database
        Database database = createDatabase(databaseName);

        String tableName = "Employee"; // Creating table
        Table table = createTable(tableName)
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Id").setSQLType(Types.INTEGER).toColumn())
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Name").setSQLType(Types.VARCHAR).toColumn())
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Employer").setSQLType(Types.VARCHAR).toColumn())
                .toTable(database);

        table.addRow(122875, "Sarath Kumar Sivan","Infosys Limited.");//Inserting values into the table
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, SQLException {
        JackcessLibrary.startDatabaseProcess();
    }
}