从类似CSV的文件创建哈希

Question

我有一个产品文件,列出了商品#,产品和价格.我想阅读这个文件,并将其初始化为哈希,项目#是关键,产品和价格是价值.这是我的档案

199, Shoes, 59.99
211, Shirts, 19.99
245, Hats, 25.99
689, Coats, 99.99
712, Beanies, 6.99

我希望它看起来像这样.

products = {
  199 =>['Shoes', 59.99],
  211 =>['Shirts', 19.99],
  245 =>['Hats', 25.99],
  689 => ['Coats', 99.99],
  712 => ['Beanies', 6.99]
}

这就是我能提出的并不是它真正想要的东西.

products_file = File.open("files.txt")
products_hash = []
while ! products_file.eof?
  product_hash = products_file.gets.chomp
  print product_hash.split(', ')
end

以下是我提出的输出:

["199", "Shoes", "59.99"]
["211", "Shirts", "19.99"]
["245", "Hats", "25.99"]
["689", "Coats", "99.99"]
["712", "Beanies", "6.99"]

Answer 1

我将您的数据保存为CSV文件products.csv并执行此操作:

require 'csv'
products = {}
CSV.foreach("products.csv") do |line| 
  products[line[0].to_i] = [line[1].strip, line[2].to_f]
end
products
#=> {199=>["Shoes", 59.99], 211=>["Shirts", 19.99], 245=>["Hats", 25.99], 689=>["Coats", 99.99], 712=>["Beanies", 6.99]}

使用更简洁的方式可以实现相同的结果each_with_object,但它会立即将整个文件读入内存,如果文件很大,这可能不是一个好主意:

require 'csv'
products = CSV.read("products.csv").each_with_object({}) do |line, h|
  h[line[0].to_i] = [line[1].strip, line[2].to_f]
end 

正如Phrogz最初建议的那样,还有一种更实用的方法:

require 'csv'
products = Hash[ CSV.read('products.csv').map do |row|
  [ row[0].to_i, [row[1].strip,row[2].to_f] ]
end ]