.NET中的反向排序字典

Gal*_*man 40 .net c# iteration reverse dictionary

有什么方法可以通过c#中的SortedDictionary向后(反向)迭代?

或者有没有办法以降序开始定义SortedDictionary?

Dar*_*rio 67

SortedDictionary本身不支持向后迭代,但您有几种可能性来实现相同的效果.

  1. 使用.Reverse-Method(Linq).(这必须预先计算整个字典输出,但这是最简单的解决方案)

    var Rand = new Random();
    
    var Dict = new SortedDictionary<int, string>();
    
    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {
        var newItem = Rand.Next(1, 100);
        Dict.Add(newItem, (newItem * newItem).ToString());
    }
    
    foreach (var x in Dict.Reverse()) {
        Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", x.Key, x.Value);
    }
    
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  2. 使字典按降序排序.

    class DescendingComparer<T> : IComparer<T> where T : IComparable<T> {
        public int Compare(T x, T y) {
            return y.CompareTo(x);
        }
    }
    
    // ...
    
    var Dict = new SortedDictionary<int, string>(new DescendingComparer<int>());
    
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  3. SortedList<TKey, TValue>改用.性能不如字典(O(n)而不是O(logn)),但你可以像数组一样对元素进行随机访问.使用通用IDictionary-Interface时,您不必更改其余代码.

编辑::迭代SortedLists

您只需按索引访问元素!

var Rand = new Random();


var Dict = new SortedList<int, string>();

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {
    var newItem = Rand.Next(1, 100);
    Dict.Add(newItem, (newItem * newItem).ToString());
}

// Reverse for loop (forr + tab)
for (int i = Dict.Count - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
    Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", Dict.Keys[i], Dict.Values[i]);
}
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Jon*_*eet 17

以相反的顺序定义SortedDictionary的最简单方法是为它提供一个IComparer<TKey>按正常顺序排序的方法.

以下是来自MiscUtil的一些代码,可能会让您更轻松:

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MiscUtil.Collections
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Implementation of IComparer{T} based on another one;
    /// this simply reverses the original comparison.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    public sealed class ReverseComparer<T> : IComparer<T>
    {
        readonly IComparer<T> originalComparer;

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the original comparer; this can be useful
        /// to avoid multiple reversals.
        /// </summary>
        public IComparer<T> OriginalComparer
        {
            get { return originalComparer; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new reversing comparer.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="original">The original comparer to 
        /// use for comparisons.</param>
        public ReverseComparer(IComparer<T> original)
        {
            if (original == null)
            { 
                throw new ArgumentNullException("original");
            }
            this.originalComparer = original;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the result of comparing the specified
        /// values using the original
        /// comparer, but reversing the order of comparison.
        /// </summary>
        public int Compare(T x, T y)
        {
            return originalComparer.Compare(y, x);
        }
    }
}
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然后你用:

var dict = new SortedDictionary<string, int>
     (new ReverseComparer<string>(StringComparer.InvariantCulture));
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(或者你使用的任何类型).

如果您只想在一个方向上进行迭代,那么这比之后反转顺序更有效.


小智 6

如果将数字值作为键来处理,这是一种非常简单的方法,那就是在创建字典时将它们取反。


Zhe*_*hen 5

简单地在一行中创建一个反向排序的字典。

var dict = new SortedDictionary<int, int>(Comparer<int>.Create((x, y) => y.CompareTo(x)));
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有一种创建IComparer<T>using的方法System.Collections.Generic.Comparer<T>。只需将一个IComparision<T>委托传递给它的Create方法即可构建一个IComparer<T>

var dict = new SortedDictionary<int, TValue>(
    Comparer<int>.Create(
        delegate(int x, int y)
        {
            return y.CompareTo(x);
        }
    )
);
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如果含义很重要,则可以使用lambda表达式 / 局部函数 / 方法替换委托(TKey, TKey) => int