导入SciPy不起作用

Question

我正在尝试使用SciPy使用Newton-Raphson求解一个非常简单的方程(Kepler方程).但是,执行该程序失败,并显示以下错误消息:

    return sc.optimize.newton(f, meanAnomaly, f_prime, args=(), 
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'newton'

很明显,我在Ubuntu 12.04下安装了SciPy.来自scipy.test():

NumPy version 1.5.1
NumPy is installed in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy
SciPy version 0.9.0
SciPy is installed in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/scipy
Python version 2.7.2+ (default, Jan 21 2012, 23:31:34) [GCC 4.6.2]
nose version 1.1.2

怎么了？这是我的代码:

# File a
from b import *

print calculate_eccentric_anomaly(1,2)

# File b
def calculate_eccentric_anomaly(meanAnomaly, eccentricity):
    import scipy.optimize as sc

    def f(eccentricAnomaly):
        return (eccentricAnomaly - eccentricity * 
                sc.sin(eccentricAnomaly) - meanAnomaly)

    def f_prime(eccentricAnomaly):
        return 1 - eccentricity * sc.cos(eccentricAnomaly)

    return sc.optimize.newton(f, meanAnomaly, f_prime, args=(), 
                              tol=1e-10, maxiter=50)

Answer 1

要导入scipy.optimize的sc,那么你想打电话sc.optimize.newton,这将有效地scipy.optimize.optimize.newton.我会做

import scipy.optimize as opt

要么

import scipy.optimize as scopt