如何监控包含所有子文件夹和文件的文件夹？

Question

我有一个名为"Datas"的文件夹.此文件夹有一个名为"收件箱"的子文件夹,其中有多个".txt"文件.可以修改此"Datas"文件夹,最后会有多个带有"收件箱"子文件夹和".txt"文件的子文件夹.我需要监视"数据"文件夹和"收件箱"文件夹中的".txt"文件.我怎样才能做到这一点？

INotify只是监视文件夹并在创建子文件夹时弹出事件.如何在创建".txt"文件时弹出事件(在哪个文件夹中)？

我需要C或C++代码,但我被卡住了.我不知道如何解决这个问题.

Answer 1

从inotify手册页:

   IN_CREATE         File/directory created in watched directory (*).

可以通过捕获此事件来完成.

再次从联机帮助页:

  Limitations and caveats
       Inotify  monitoring  of  directories  is  not recursive: to monitor subdirectories under a directory, additional watches must be created.  This can take a significant
       amount time for large directory trees.

因此,您需要自己完成递归部分.您可以从这里查看示例开始.您还应该查看项目notify-tools

评论中提到的示例:它监视/tmp/inotify1和/tmp/inotify2创建新文件并显示事件

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/inotify.h>

#define EVENT_SIZE  ( sizeof (struct inotify_event) )
#define BUF_LEN     ( 1024 * ( EVENT_SIZE + 16 ) )

int main( int argc, char **argv ) 
{
    int length, i = 0;
    int fd;
    int wd[2];
    char buffer[BUF_LEN];

    fd = inotify_init();

    if ( fd < 0 ) {
        perror( "inotify_init" );
    }

    wd[0] = inotify_add_watch( fd, "/tmp/inotify1", IN_CREATE);
    wd[1] = inotify_add_watch (fd, "/tmp/inotify2", IN_CREATE);

    while (1){
        struct inotify_event *event;

        length = read( fd, buffer, BUF_LEN );  

        if ( length < 0 ) {
            perror( "read" );
        } 

        event = ( struct inotify_event * ) &buffer[ i ];

        if ( event->len ) {
            if (event->wd == wd[0]) printf("%s\n", "In /tmp/inotify1: ");
            else printf("%s\n", "In /tmp/inotify2: ");
            if ( event->mask & IN_CREATE ) {
                if ( event->mask & IN_ISDIR ) {
                    printf( "The directory %s was created.\n", event->name );       
                }
                else {
                    printf( "The file %s was created.\n", event->name );
                }
            }
        }
    }
    ( void ) inotify_rm_watch( fd, wd[0] );
    ( void ) inotify_rm_watch( fd, wd[1]);
    ( void ) close( fd );

    exit( 0 );
}

测试运行:

shadyabhi@archlinux ~ $ ./a.out 
In /tmp/inotify1: 
The file abhijeet was created.
In /tmp/inotify2: 
The file rastogi was created.
^C
shadyabhi@archlinux ~ $