PyQt:显示系统托盘应用程序中的菜单

Question

首先,我是一位经验丰富的C程序员,但他是python的新手.我想使用pyqt在python中创建一个简单的应用程序.让我们想象一下这个应用程序就像它运行时一样简单,它必须在系统托盘中放置一个图标,它在菜单中提供了一个退出应用程序的选项.

这段代码有效,它显示了菜单(我没有连接退出操作等等以保持简单)

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui

def main():
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    trayIcon = QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon("Bomb.xpm"), app)
    menu = QtGui.QMenu()
    exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
    trayIcon.setContextMenu(menu)

    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

但这不是:

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui

class SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon):

    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
        QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
        menu = QtGui.QMenu()
        exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(menu)

def main():
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon("Bomb.xpm"), app)

    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我可能会错过一些东西 没有错误,但在第二种情况下,当我点击右键时它没有显示菜单.

Answer 1

好吧,经过一些调试我发现了问题.QMenu对象在完成__init__函数后被销毁,因为它没有父级.虽然QSystemTrayIcon的父级可以是QMenu的对象,但它必须是Qwidget.此代码有效(请参阅QMenu如何获得与QSystemTrayIcon相同的父级,这是一个QWidget):

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui

class SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon):

    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
        QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
        menu = QtGui.QMenu(parent)
        exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(menu)

def main():
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    w = QtGui.QWidget()
    trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon("Bomb.xpm"), w)

    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 2

我想我更喜欢以下内容,因为它似乎不依赖于QT的内部垃圾收集决策.

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui

class SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon):
    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
        QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
        self.menu = QtGui.QMenu(parent)
        exitAction = self.menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(self.menu)

def main():
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    style = app.style()
    icon = QtGui.QIcon(style.standardPixmap(QtGui.QStyle.SP_FileIcon))
    trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(icon)

    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 3

这是 PyQt5 版本（能够实现 demosthenes 答案的 Exit 动作）。 从 PyQt4 移植到 PyQt5 的源代码

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
# code source: /sf/ask/62578911/  - add answer PyQt5
#PyQt4 to PyQt5 version: /sf/ask/1452487361/
class SystemTrayIcon(QtWidgets.QSystemTrayIcon):

    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
        QtWidgets.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
        menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(parent)
        exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(menu)

def main(image):
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)

    w = QtWidgets.QWidget()
    trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon(image), w)

    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    on=r''# ADD PATH OF YOUR ICON HERE .png works
    main(on)

Answer 4

这是实现了Exit操作的代码

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon):
    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
       QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
       menu = QtGui.QMenu(parent)
       exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
       self.setContextMenu(menu)
       QtCore.QObject.connect(exitAction,QtCore.SIGNAL('triggered()'), self.exit)

    def exit(self):
      QtCore.QCoreApplication.exit()

def main():
   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

   w = QtGui.QWidget()
   trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon("qtLogo.png"), w)

   trayIcon.show()
   sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 5

我无法在 PyQt5 中获得上述任何答案（系统托盘菜单中的退出实际上不会退出），但我设法将它们结合起来以获得一个可行的解决方案。我仍在尝试确定是否应该以某种方式进一步使用 exitAction 。

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore, QtGui

class SystemTrayIcon(QtWidgets.QSystemTrayIcon):

    def __init__(self, icon, parent=None):
        QtWidgets.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, icon, parent)
        menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(parent)
        exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(menu)
        menu.triggered.connect(self.exit)

    def exit(self):
        QtCore.QCoreApplication.exit()

def main(image):
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = QtWidgets.QWidget()
    trayIcon = SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QIcon(image), w)
    trayIcon.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    on='icon.ico'
    main(on)