Heroku错误R14(超出内存配额):我该如何解决这个问题?

jam*_*esc 30 memory memory-management ruby-on-rails heroku ruby-on-rails-3

我在Heroku上有一个Rails 3.1应用程序.我看到很多这些错误:

错误R14(超出内存配额)

通常,前面的日志条目显示:

进程运行mem = 522M(102.1%)

这确实有所不同,但从来没有太多,并且可能在几乎任何URL请求之后发生,因此就我所知,它与特定的控制器操作无关.

这是一个经典的日志条目块:

2012-01-16T02:35:57+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=55ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:35:58+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=155ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-16T02:36:02+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=13ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:36:02+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=147ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-16T02:36:09+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=87ms status=201 bytes=624
2012-01-16T02:36:11+00:00 heroku[router]: GET prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/questions dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:36:11+00:00 heroku[router]: GET prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/questions dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=290ms status=200 bytes=81412
2012-01-16T02:36:15+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=10ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:36:16+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=67ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-16T02:36:33+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=10ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:36:33+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=132ms status=201 bytes=230
2012-01-16T02:36:55+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=522M(102.1%)
2012-01-16T02:36:55+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: Started POST "/quizzes/1/scores" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:17 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [POST /quizzes/1/scores] invalidate, pass
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: Started POST "/quizzes/1/scores" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:17 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [POST /quizzes/1/scores] invalidate, pass
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=44ms status=201 bytes=230
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=522M(102.1%)
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-16T02:37:17+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=16ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/quizzes/1/scores/current_game" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:20 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [GET /quizzes/1/scores/current_game] miss
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/quizzes/1/scores/current_game" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:20 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 heroku[router]: GET prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores/current_game dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=8ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [GET /quizzes/1/scores/current_game] miss
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 heroku[router]: GET prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores/current_game dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=6ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: Started POST "/quizzes/1/scores" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:20 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 heroku[router]: POST prizequiz.herokuapp.com/quizzes/1/scores dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=33ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [POST /quizzes/1/scores] invalidate, pass
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/quizzes/1/scores/current_game" for 177.53.80.25 at 2012-01-16 02:37:20 +0000
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-16T02:37:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

我安装了New Relic,但无法识别任何用途.

如果需要,很乐意提供更多信息.我也对Heroku提出了一个非常好的支持请求但是到目前为止(2天标记为紧急)我没有回应.

添加网络动态没有任何区别.

更新,我添加了oink gem,这是一个示例结果

2012-01-26T08:24:25+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:25+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:25+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 110.49.234.219 at 2012-01-26 08:24:25 +0000
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 286276 | PID: 16
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 2 | MobileUser: 2
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:24:26+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=460ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-26T08:24:38+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:24:38+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 103.1.165.23 at 2012-01-26 08:24:43 +0000
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=544ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 288876 | PID: 19
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 0
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:24:43+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:24:47+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:47+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:24:47+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 103.1.165.23 at 2012-01-26 08:24:47 +0000
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 286412 | PID: 16
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 2 | MobileUser: 2
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=432ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-26T08:24:48+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:24:59+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:24:59+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:25:20+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:25:20+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:25:41+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:25:41+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:26:32+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=34ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 103.1.165.23 at 2012-01-26 08:27:04 +0000
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 288876 | PID: 19
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 2 | MobileUser: 2
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:27:04+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=337ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-26T08:27:05+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:27:05+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:27:26+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:27:26+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:27:48+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(104.9%)
2012-01-26T08:27:48+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:28:08+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(105.0%)
2012-01-26T08:28:08+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:28:29+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(105.0%)
2012-01-26T08:28:29+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:28:51+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(105.0%)
2012-01-26T08:28:51+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 85.26.234.218 at 2012-01-26 08:29:08 +0000
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 382404 | PID: 13
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 0
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:29:08+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=86ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 85.26.234.218 at 2012-01-26 08:29:09 +0000
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 382404 | PID: 13
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 2 | MobileUser: 2
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:29:09+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=160ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 85.26.234.218 at 2012-01-26 08:29:11 +0000
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=101ms status=401 bytes=27
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 382404 | PID: 13
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 0
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:29:11+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: Started PUT "/mobile_users/1" for 85.26.234.218 at 2012-01-26 08:29:12 +0000
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(105.0%)
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Action: mobile_users#update
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: Memory usage: 288876 | PID: 19
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: Instantiation Breakdown: Total: 2 | MobileUser: 2
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: Oink Log Entry Complete
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 app[web.1]: cache: [PUT /mobile_users/1] invalidate, pass
2012-01-26T08:29:12+00:00 heroku[router]: PUT prizequiz.herokuapp.com/mobile_users/1 dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=169ms status=200 bytes=1
2012-01-26T08:29:33+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process running mem=537M(105.0%)
2012-01-26T08:29:33+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R14 (Memory quota exceeded)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

我不知道除了看起来我没有使用那么多的内存,因为Heroku认为我是内存使用:288876 vs进程运行mem = 537M(105.0%)

tom*_*omb 40

查找代码'Model.all.each do |something|'并替换为Model.find_each do |something|.这将通过将模型的块加载到内存而不是整个模型中来节省内存.

此外,寻找机会使用in_groups_of:limit减少一次保存在内存中的对象数量.

编辑:for_each - > find_each.


hel*_*ion 8

此外,WEB_CONCURRENCY heroku 配置也可能导致这种情况。例如,我有一个运行 2 1x dynos 的应用程序。如果我使用 sensible_defaults(另一个 heroku 配置),它默认 WEB_CONCURRENCY 为 2(基于我的 dynos)。这会导致我的日志中出现大量 R14 错误。如果我关闭 sensible_defaults,并设置 WEB_CONCURRENCY=1...问题就会消失。

如果您不设置 WEB_CONCURRENCY,并且不使用 sensible_defaults,并且您遵循通过 heroku 文档设置的服务器(我使用 Puma)...您可能会在 puma.rb 中有一行如下所示:

workers Integer(ENV['WEB_CONCURRENCY'] || 3)  
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

如果是这种情况,则 WEB_CONCURRENCY 未设置...因此它将是 3,这将使用更多内存。

在控制台中:

// 查看现有的配置设置。

Heroku 配置

// 如果启用了 sensible_defaults。

heroku 配置:设置 sensible_defaults=disabled

// 设置 WEB_CONCURRENCY

heroku 配置:设置 WEB_CONCURRENCY=1

// 监视 R14 错误的日志。

  • 谢谢,就我而言,我使用的是 Unicorn,是的,禁用 sensible_defaults 并将 WEB_CONCURRENCY 设置为 1 就可以了,谢谢 (2认同)

rkb*_*rkb 7

Heroku在其可接受使用政策中指定每个dyno的RAM限制.

具体来说,您可以使用memprofMemprof::Middleware来帮助找出在请求期间分配应用程序中所有内存的内容.这实际上只适用于非生产环境,因为它会降低您的应用程序速度.

这是常见的Rails应用程序是分配许多ActiveRecord对象,所以你可能会找你做身处何地Model.find(:all).select{...},从数据库拉了很多纪录,或类似的查询,然后在Ruby中处理它们.更好的方法是where使用SQL来限制返回给Rails应用程序的内容.


小智 6

我有这个问题..使用find_in_batches解决.

如果有人仍然有这个错误,我会把代码放在这里.由于运行需要很长时间,我找到了一个帮助用户的progress_bar gem.会让它在这里也让我觉得它几乎在所有情况下都是强制性的.

bar = ProgressBar.new( total )
Texto.find_in_batches(:batch_size => 100) do |textos|
    textos.each{| texto | 
        ...do_stuff...
    }
    bar.increment! textos.size
end
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

进度条:https: //github.com/paul/progress_bar/issues

  • find_in_batches会覆盖您打算应用的任何订单(使用order(:id)),因此在您希望按特定顺序迭代结果时,这将不起作用. (2认同)