Perl:使用正则表达式从文本中提取数据

Question

我正在使用Perl与正则表达式进行文本处理.我无法控制输入.我已经在下面展示了一些输入示例.

正如您所看到的,B和C项可以在字符串中使用不同的值n次.我需要将所有值作为后向引用.或者,如果你知道一种不同的方式我都是耳朵.

我正在尝试使用分支重置模式(如perldoc概述:"扩展模式")我没有太多的运气匹配字符串.

("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 1)(Int "C" 2)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))
("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 1)(Int "C" 2)(Int "B" 3)(Int "C" 4)(Int "B" 5)(Int "C" 6)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))
("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 22)(Int "C" 59)(Int "B" 1143)(Int "C" 1210)(Int "B" 1232)(Int "C" 34896)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))

我的Perl在下面,任何帮助都会很棒.谢谢你提供的所有帮助.

if($inputString =~/\("Data" \(Int "A" ([0-9]+)\)(?:\(Int "B" ([0-9]+)\)\(Int "C" ([0-9]+)\))+\(Int "D" ([0-9]+)\)\(Int "E" ([0-9]+)\)\)/) {

    print "\n\nmatched\n";

    print "1: $1\n";
    print "2: $2\n";
    print "3: $3\n";
    print "4: $4\n";
    print "5: $5\n";
    print "6: $6\n";
    print "7: $7\n";
    print "8: $8\n";
    print "9: $9\n";

}

Answer 1

不要试图使用一组正则表达式,一组正则表达式和拆分更容易理解:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

while (<DATA>) {
    next unless my ($data) = /\("Data" (.*)\)/;
    print "on line $., I saw:\n";
    for my $item ($data =~ /\((.*?)\)/g) {
        my ($type, $var, $num) = split " ", $item;
        print "\ttype $type var $var num $num\n";
    }
}

__DATA__
("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 1)(Int "C" 2)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))
("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 1)(Int "C" 2)(Int "B" 3)(Int "C" 4)(Int "B" 5)(Int "C" 6)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))
("Data" (Int "A" 22)(Int "B" 22)(Int "C" 59)(Int "B" 1143)(Int "C" 1210)(Int "B" 1232)(Int "C" 34896)(Int "D" 34896)(Int "E" 38046))

如果您的数据可以跨越线,我建议使用解析器而不是正则表达式.