用于更改所有外键以添加ON DELETE CASCADE的SQL脚本

Question

用于更改所有外键以添加ON DELETE CASCADE的SQL脚本

Rob*_*Day 41 sql sql-server sql-server-2005

我有一个约有250个表的SQL 2005数据库.

我想暂时为所有外键启用ON DELETE CASCADE,以便我可以轻松地进行批量删除.

然后,我想关闭所有外键上的ON DELETE CASCADE.

我知道这样做的唯一方法是使用Management Studio生成完整的数据库创建脚本,进行某种搜索和替换以除去外键以外的所有内容,保存脚本,然后再做一些搜索并替换添加ON DELETE CASCADE.

然后我运行脚本,执行删除操作,然后运行其他脚本.

是否有更简单的方法来生成此脚本？这种方法似乎太容易出错,我将不得不使用我们对数据库进行的任何其他更改使脚本保持最新,或者每次我需要使用它时手动重新生成它.

是否可以在系统表上运行select来为我"生成"脚本？甚至可以在启用和禁用ON DELETE CASCADE的系统表上运行更新吗？

Answer 1

And*_*mar 69

这是我用于类似目的的脚本.它不支持复合外键(使用多个字段).它可能需要一些调整才能适合您的情况. 编辑:特别是它不能正确处理多列外键.

select
  DropStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema + 
      '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName + 
      '] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName + ']; '
,  CreateStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema + 
      '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName + 
      '] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +  ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName + 
      '] FOREIGN KEY([' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableColumn + 
      ']) REFERENCES [' + schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) + '].[' +
  sys.objects.[name] + ']([' +
  sys.columns.[name] + ']) ON DELETE CASCADE; '
 from sys.objects
  inner join sys.columns
    on (sys.columns.[object_id] = sys.objects.[object_id])
  inner join (
    select sys.foreign_keys.[name] as ForeignKeyName
     ,schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) as ForeignTableSchema
     ,sys.objects.[name] as ForeignTableName
     ,sys.columns.[name]  as ForeignTableColumn
     ,sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id as referenced_object_id
     ,sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id as referenced_column_id
     from sys.foreign_keys
      inner join sys.foreign_key_columns
        on (sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id
          = sys.foreign_keys.[object_id])
      inner join sys.objects
        on (sys.objects.[object_id]
          = sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id)
        inner join sys.columns
          on (sys.columns.[object_id]
            = sys.objects.[object_id])
           and (sys.columns.column_id
            = sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id)
    ) ForeignKeys
    on (ForeignKeys.referenced_object_id = sys.objects.[object_id])
     and (ForeignKeys.referenced_column_id = sys.columns.column_id)
 where (sys.objects.[type] = 'U')
  and (sys.objects.[name] not in ('sysdiagrams'))

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*撕裂......那......美丽 (7认同)
这是一个有用的选择声明的地狱. (4认同)
请不要对原始问题给出一个好的答案.如果你只想要一个外键,那么你有一个不同的问题. (2认同)

Answer 2

Ed *_*vis 11

Andomar上面的答案很好,但仅适用于单列外键约束.我针对多列约束调整了一点:

create function dbo.fk_columns (@constraint_object_id int)
returns varchar(255)
as begin
declare @r varchar(255)
select @r = coalesce(@r + ',', '') + c.name
from sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
join sys.columns c
  on  fkc.parent_object_id = c.object_id
  and fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
where fkc.constraint_object_id = @constraint_object_id
return @r
end

select distinct
  DropStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema +
      '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName +
      '] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName + '] '
,  CreateStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema +
  '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName +
  '] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +  ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName +
  '] FOREIGN KEY(' + dbo.fk_columns(constraint_object_id) + ')' +
  'REFERENCES [' + schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) + '].[' +
  sys.objects.[name] + '] '
  + ' ON DELETE CASCADE'
 from sys.objects
  inner join sys.columns
    on (sys.columns.[object_id] = sys.objects.[object_id])
  inner join (
select sys.foreign_keys.[name] as ForeignKeyName
 ,schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) as ForeignTableSchema
 ,sys.objects.[name] as ForeignTableName
 ,sys.columns.[name]  as ForeignTableColumn
 ,sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id as referenced_object_id
 ,sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id as referenced_column_id
 ,sys.foreign_keys.object_id as constraint_object_id
 from sys.foreign_keys
  inner join sys.foreign_key_columns
    on (sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id
      = sys.foreign_keys.[object_id])
  inner join sys.objects
    on (sys.objects.[object_id]
      = sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id)
    inner join sys.columns
      on (sys.columns.[object_id]
        = sys.objects.[object_id])
       and (sys.columns.column_id
        = sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id)
-- Uncomment this if you want to include only FKs that already
-- have a cascade constraint.
--       where (delete_referential_action_desc = 'CASCADE' or update_referential_action_desc = 'CASCADE')
) ForeignKeys
on (ForeignKeys.referenced_object_id = sys.objects.[object_id])
 and (ForeignKeys.referenced_column_id = sys.columns.column_id)
 where (sys.objects.[type] = 'U')
  and (sys.objects.[name] not in ('sysdiagrams'))

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您还可以使用该查询来帮助从当前拥有它的FK中删除 ON DELETE CASCADE.

这仍然不能处理在两个表中将列命名为不同内容的情况 - 需要为此定义另一个用户定义的函数.

Answer 3

Ste*_*ger 7

更符合标准的解决方案

;WITH CTE AS 
(
    SELECT  
         KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_SCHEMA AS FK_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_NAME AS FK_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU1.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION AS FK_ORDINAL_POSITION 
        ,KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_SCHEMA AS REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION AS REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION 
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS RC 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU1 
        ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU2 
        ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION 
)


SELECT 
     FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME
    --,FK_SCHEMA_NAME
    --,FK_TABLE_NAME
    --,FK_COLUMN_NAME
    --,FK_ORDINAL_POSITION
    --,REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION

    ,
        'ALTER TABLE [' + FK_SCHEMA_NAME + ']' 
        + '.[' + FK_TABLE_NAME + '] ' 
        + 'DROP CONSTRAINT [' + FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME + ']; ' 
    AS DropStmt 

    ,
    'ALTER TABLE [' + FK_SCHEMA_NAME + ']' 
        + '.[' + FK_TABLE_NAME + '] ' + 
        + 'WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +  FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME + '] ' 
        + 'FOREIGN KEY([' + FK_COLUMN_NAME + ']) ' 
        + 'REFERENCES [' + REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME + '].[' + REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME + ']([' + REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME + ']) ON DELETE CASCADE; ' 
    AS CreateStmt 

FROM CTE 

WHERE (1=1) 
/*
AND FK_TABLE_NAME IN 
(
     'T_SYS_Geschossrechte'
    ,'T_SYS_Gebaeuderechte'
    ,'T_SYS_Standortrechte'
)

AND REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME NOT LIKE 'T_AP_Ref_Mandant'
*/

ORDER BY  
     FK_TABLE_NAME
    ,FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME
    ,FK_COLUMN_NAME
    ,FK_ORDINAL_POSITION
    ,REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME
    ,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
    ,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
    ,REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION

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编辑:
扩展多列外键:

;WITH CTE AS 
( 
  SELECT  
         KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_SCHEMA AS FK_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_NAME AS FK_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU1.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION AS FK_ORDINAL_POSITION 
        ,KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_SCHEMA AS REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION AS REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION 
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS RC 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU1 
        ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU2 
        ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION 
)
SELECT 
     FK_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,FK_TABLE_NAME
    ,FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    --,FK_COLUMN_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME



    ,
    'ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(FK_SCHEMA_NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(FK_TABLE_NAME) + ' ' 
      + 'DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME) + '; ' 
    AS DropStmt 

    ,
    'ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(FK_SCHEMA_NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(FK_TABLE_NAME) + ' 
    ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME) + ' 
    FOREIGN KEY('
    + 
        SUBSTRING 
        ( 
            (
                SELECT ', ' + QUOTENAME(FK.FK_COLUMN_NAME) AS [text()] 
                FROM CTE AS FK 
                WHERE FK.FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME = CTE.FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME
                AND FK.FK_SCHEMA_NAME = CTE.FK_SCHEMA_NAME
                AND FK.FK_TABLE_NAME = CTE.FK_TABLE_NAME 
                ORDER BY FK.FK_ORDINAL_POSITION
                FOR XML PATH, TYPE 
            ).value('.[1]', 'nvarchar(MAX)')
            ,3, 4000
        ) 
    + ') 
'
    + '    REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME) + '(' 
    + SUBSTRING 
      ( 
          (
              SELECT ', ' + QUOTENAME(Referenced.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME) AS [text()] 
              FROM CTE AS Referenced 
              WHERE Referenced.FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME = CTE.FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME
              AND Referenced.REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME = CTE.REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME
              AND Referenced.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME = CTE.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
              ORDER BY Referenced.REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION 
              FOR XML PATH, TYPE 
          ).value('.[1]', 'nvarchar(MAX)')
          , 3, 4000 
      )
    + ') 
    ON DELETE CASCADE 
; ' AS CreateStmt 

FROM CTE 

GROUP BY 
     FK_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,FK_TABLE_NAME
    ,FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 

    ,REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME

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而PostGreSQL的更简单的版本:

;WITH CTE AS 
( 
  SELECT  
         KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_SCHEMA AS FK_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU1.TABLE_NAME AS FK_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU1.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION AS FK_ORDINAL_POSITION 
        ,KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_SCHEMA AS REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME 
        ,KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME 
        ,KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
        ,KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION AS REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION 
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS RC 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU1 
        ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME 

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU2 
        ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
        AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
        AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION 
)
SELECT 
     FK_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,FK_TABLE_NAME
    ,FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    --,FK_COLUMN_NAME
    --,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME



    ,
    'ALTER TABLE ' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_SCHEMA_NAME) || '.' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_TABLE_NAME) || ' ' 
      || 'DROP CONSTRAINT ' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME) || '; ' 
    AS DropStmt 

    ,
    'ALTER TABLE ' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_SCHEMA_NAME) || '.' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_TABLE_NAME) || ' 
    ADD CONSTRAINT ' || QUOTE_IDENT(FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME) || ' 
    FOREIGN KEY(' || string_agg(FK_COLUMN_NAME, ', ') || ') 
'
    || '    REFERENCES ' || QUOTE_IDENT(REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME) || '.' || QUOTE_IDENT(REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME) || '(' || string_agg(REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME, ', ') || ') 
    ON DELETE CASCADE 
; ' AS CreateStmt 

FROM CTE 

GROUP BY 
     FK_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,FK_TABLE_NAME
    ,FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 

    ,REFERENCED_SCHEMA_NAME
    ,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME

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