我以前在Perl中读过文件,但是当CSV文件具有我在不同行上需要的值时.我假设我必须创建一个混合了哈希键的数组,但我不在这里.
基本上,我的CSV文件包含以下列:branch, job, timePeriod, periodType, day1Value, day2Value, day3Value, day4Value, day4Value, day6Value和day7Value.
day*值分别表示一周中每一天的periodType值.
例如 -
East,Banker,9AM-12PM,Overtime,4.25,0,0,1.25,1.5,1.5,0,0 West,Electrician,12PM-5PM,Regular,4.25,0,0,-1.25,-1.5,-1.5,0,0 North,Janitor,5PM-12AM,Variance,-4.25,0,0,-1.25,-1.5,-1.5,0,0 South,Manager,12A-9AM,Overtime,77.75,14.75,10,10,10,10,10,
等等.
我需要输出一个文件,该文件从branch,job,timePeriod和day获取此数据和键.我的输出将列出一个特定日期的每个periodType值,而不是所有七个的一个periodType值.
例如 -
South,Manager,12A-9AM,77.75,14.75,16
在上面的行中,最后3个值表示三个periodTypes(加班,常规和方差)day1Values.
正如您所看到的,我的问题是我不知道如何以允许我从不同行拉取数据并成功输出数据的方式将数据加载到内存中.我之前只解析过奇异的线条.
Jon*_*ler 15
除非你喜欢疼痛,否则请使用Text::CSV它的亲戚Text::CSV_XS和Text::CSV_PP.
但是,这可能是这个问题更容易的部分.一旦您阅读并验证了该行已完成,您需要将相关信息添加到正确键入的哈希值.你可能也必须非常熟悉引用.
您可以创建%BranchData由分支键入的哈希值.该哈希的每个元素都是对作业键入的哈希的引用; 并且其中的每个元素都是对由timePeriod键入的哈希的引用,并且其中的每个元素都将引用由日期数字键入的数组(使用索引1..7;它稍微分配空间,但是获得的机会很多它的权利要大得多;不要乱用$[!).并且数组的每个元素都是对由三个句点类型键入的哈希的引用.哎哟!
如果一切运行良好,原型分配可能是这样的:
$BranchData{$row{branch}}->{$row{job}}->{$row{period}}->[1]->{$row{p_type}} +=
$row{day1};
你将迭代元素1..7和'day1'..'day7'; 那里有一些清理设计工作.
你必须担心正确地初始化东西(或者你可能没有--Perl会为你做这件事).我假设该行作为直接散列(而不是散列引用)返回,包含分支,作业,句点,句点类型(p_type)和每一天('day1',..'day7')的键.
如果你事先知道你需要哪一天,你可以避免累积所有的日子,但它可以使更通用的报告更容易阅读和累积所有数据,然后简单地打印处理整个数据的任何子集需要处理.
这是一个很有趣的问题,我把这段代码整合在一起.我怀疑它是否是最佳的,但确实有效.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
#
# SO 8570488
use strict;
use warnings;
use Text::CSV;
use Data::Dumper;
use constant debug => 0;
my $file = "input.csv";
my $csv = Text::CSV->new({ binary => 1, eol => $/ })
or die "Cannot use CSV: ".Text::CSV->error_diag();
my @headings = qw( branch job period p_type day1 day2 day3 day4 day5 day6 day7 );
my @days = qw( day0 day1 day2 day3 day4 day5 day6 day7 );
my %BranchData;
open my $in, '<', $file or die "Unable to open $file for reading ($!)";
$csv->column_names(@headings);
while (my $row = $csv->getline_hr($in))
{
print Dumper($row) if debug;
my %r = %$row; # Not for efficiency; for notational compactness
$BranchData{$r{branch}} = { } if !defined $BranchData{$r{branch}};
my $branch = $BranchData{$r{branch}};
$branch->{$r{job}} = { } if !defined $branch->{$r{job}};
my $job = $branch->{$r{job}};
$job->{$r{period}} = [ ] if !defined $job->{$r{period}};
my $period = $job->{$r{period}};
for my $day (1..7)
{
# Assume that Overtime, Regular and Variance are the only types
# Otherwise, you need yet another level of checking whether elements exist...
$period->[$day] = { Overtime => 0, Regular => 0, Variance => 0} if !defined $period->[$day];
$period->[$day]->{$r{p_type}} += $r{$days[$day]};
}
}
print Dumper(\%BranchData);
根据您的示例数据,此输出为:
$VAR1 = {
'West' => {
'Electrician' => {
'12PM-5PM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => '4.25',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.25',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.5',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.5',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'South' => {
'Manager' => {
'12A-9AM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '77.75',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '14.75',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'North' => {
'Janitor' => {
'5PM-12AM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-4.25'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.25'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.5'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.5'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'East' => {
'Banker' => {
'9AM-12PM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '4.25',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.25',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.5',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.5',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
}
};
从这里开心吧!