0 python
我正在寻找一种只用一个字符代表'\n'的方法.我正在编写一个使用字典来"加密"文本的程序.因为每个字符都在字典中表示,当我的程序到达字符串中的'\n'时,我遇到了问题,但是将其读作'\''n'.是否有替代方式来表示换行符,即只有一个字符？这是我的下面的代码,对不起,如果某些缩进搞砸了.我不完全理解如何在此窗口中输入代码.:)
##################################
#This program will take an input and encrypt it or decrypt it
#A cipher is used to transform the text, which can either be
#input or from a text file.
#The cipher can be any letter a-z, as well as most commonly used special characters
#numbers and spaces are not allowed.
#For the text, a-z, most special characters, space, and new line may be used.
#no numbers can be encrypted.
##################################
#These three dictionaries are used during the encryption process.
keyDict={'a': 17,'b': 3,'c':16,'d':26,'e':6,'f':19,'g':10,'h':12,
'i':22,'j':8,'k': 11,'l':2,'m':18,'n':9,'o':23,'p':7,
'q':5,'r': 20,'s': 1,'t': 24,'u':13,'v':25,'w':21,'x':15,
'y':4,'z': 14, ' ':42, '.':0,'!': 27, '@': 34, '#': 35, '%': 37,
'$': 36, "'": 33,'&': 39, '*': 40, ',': 29, '.': 30, '~': 41, ';': 31,
':': 32, '?': 28, '^': 38}
refDict2={' ': 43, 'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'e': 5, 'd': 4, 'g': 7, 'f': 6, 'i': 9,
'h': 8, 'k': 11, 'j': 10, 'm': 13, 'l': 12, 'o': 15, 'n': 14, 'q': 17,'\n': 42,
'p': 16, 's': 19, 'r': 18, 'u': 21, 't': 20, 'w': 23, 'v': 22, 'y': 25,
'x': 24, 'z': 26, ' ':0, '!': 27, '@': 34, '#': 35, '%': 37, '$': 36, "'": 33,
'&': 39, '*': 40, ',': 29, '.': 30, '~': 41, ';': 31, ':': 32, '?': 28, '^': 38}
refDict={0: ' ', 1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 4: 'd', 5: 'e', 6: 'f', 7: 'g', 8: 'h', 9: 'i',
10: 'j', 11: 'k', 12: 'l', 13: 'm', 14: 'n', 15: 'o', 16: 'p', 17: 'q', 42:'\n',
18: 'r', 19: 's', 20: 't', 21: 'u', 22: 'v', 23: 'w', 24: 'x', 25: 'y', 26: 'z', 43:' ',
32: ':', 33: "'", 34: '@', 35: '#', 36: '$', 37: '%', 38: '^', 39: '&', 40: '*',
41: '~', 27: '!', 28: '?', 29: ',', 30: '.', 31: ';'}
#switch1 reverses a list. It is its own inverse, so we don't need an unswitch function.
def switch1(l):
return l[::-1]
#switch2 takes a list as input and moves every fourth entry to the front
#so switch2([a,b,c,d,e,f,g]) returns ([a,e,b,c,d,f,g])
#unswitch2 undoes this, so unswitch2([a,e,c,d,f,g]) returns [a,b,c,d,e,f,g]
def switch2(l):
List4 = []
ListNot4 = []
for i in range(0,len(l)):
if i%4 == 0:
List4.append(l[i])
else:
ListNot4.append(l[i])
return List4+ListNot4
def unswitch2(l):
num4 = len(l)/4 + 1
fixedList = l[num4:]
for i in range (0,num4):
fixedList.insert(4*i,l[i])
return fixedList
#switch3 takes a list as input and returns a list with the first half moved to the end.
#so switch3([a,b,c,d,e,f]) returns [d,e,f,a,b,c]
#for lists of odd length, switch3 puts the separation closer to the beginning of the list, so the
#middle entry becomes the first entry.
#For example, switch3([a,b,c,d,e,f,g]) returns [d,e,f,g,a,b,c]
def switch3(l):
return l[len(l)/2:] + l[:len(l)/2]
def unswitch3(l):
if len(l)%2==0:
return switch3(l)
else:
return l[len(l)/2+1:] + l[:len(l)/2+1]
##################################
#This is the Crypt function.
##################################
def Crypt(text, cipher):
counter=0
text=text.lower()
cipher=cipher.lower()
keyValue=[]
textValue=[]
newValue=[]
newString=''
for letter in cipher:
keyValue.append(keyDict[letter])
for letter in text:
textValue.append(refDict2[letter])
for num in textValue:
newValue.append(num+keyValue[counter%len(keyValue)])
counter+=1
newValue = switch1(newValue)
newValue = switch2(newValue)
newValue = switch3(newValue)
for num in newValue:
newString+=refDict[num%43]
return newString
##################################
#This is the Decrypt function
##################################
def Decrypt(encryptedText, cipher):
counter=0
cipher=cipher.lower()
keyValue=[]
textValue=[]
finalValue=[]
finalString=''
for letter in encryptedText:
textValue.append(refDict2[letter])
textValue = unswitch3(textValue)
textValue = unswitch2(textValue)
textValue = switch1(textValue)
for letter in cipher:
keyValue.append(keyDict[letter])
for num in textValue:
finalValue.append((num-keyValue[counter%len(keyValue)])%43)
counter+=1
for num in finalValue:
finalString+=refDict[num]
return finalString
##################################
#This is the user interface.
##################################
choice=raw_input('Would you like to: 1)Encrypt or 2)Decrypt? Pick 1 or 2: ')
if choice=='1':
textType=raw_input("Would you like to: 1)encrypt a text file or 2) input the text to be encrypted? Pick 1 or 2: ")
if textType=='1':
cryptName=raw_input( 'Please enter the name of the text file you would like to encrypt(eg. text.txt): ')
newName=raw_input('Please name the file in which the encrypted text will be stored(eg. secret.txt):' )
cipher=raw_input("Now enter your personal encryption key(eg. secret code):" )
cryptFile=open(cryptName, 'r')
newFile=open(newName, 'w')
print >> newFile, Crypt(cryptFile.read(),cipher)
cryptFile.close()
newFile.close()
print "Ok, all done!"
elif textType=='2':
inputText=raw_input('Ok, please input the text you would like to encrypt(eg. computers rock!): ')
cipher=raw_input("Now enter your personal encryption key (eg. ultra secret code): ")
if inputText=='': print 'Oops, no text was entered! Try again!'
else:
print Crypt(inputText, cipher)
else:
print 'Try again!'
elif choice=='2':
textType=raw_input("Would you like to:1)decrypt a text file or 2) input the text to be decrypted? Pick 1 or 2: ")
if textType=='1':
decryptName=raw_input( 'Please enter the name of the text file you would like to decrypt(eg. text.txt): ')
newName2=raw_input('Please name the file in which the decrypted text will be stored(eg. secret.txt):' )
cipher=raw_input("Now enter the encryption key that was used to encrypt the file(eg. secret code):" )
#Text decrypt
decryptFile=open(decryptName, 'r')
newFile2=open(newName2, 'w')
print>> newFile2, Decrypt(decryptFile.read(),cipher)
#other stuff
#textTodecrypt=decryptFile.read()
#newFile2.writelines(Decrypt(textTodecrypt, cipher))
decryptFile.close()
newFile2.close()
print "Ok, all done!"
elif textType=='2':
inputText=raw_input('Ok, please input the text you would like to decrypt(eg. dig&ak:do): ')
cipher=raw_input("Now enter the encryption key that was used to encrypt the text (eg. ultra secret code): ")
if inputText=='': print 'Oops, no text was entered! Try again!'
else:
print Decrypt(inputText, cipher)
print "Have a nice day!"
#there is an issue with the newline character
'\n'是一个字符.它是一个新的换行字符,只是新行的表示.
请以可读的方式重新解释您的问题.
[编辑]我想我知道你的问题是什么.我运行你的程序,它工作得很好.您可能正在尝试从命令行将'\n'传递给您的程序.那样不行!
你看,如果你给了raw_input()这个字符串:line1\nline2它将转义\n并使它\\n像这样:'line1\\nline2'
因此,快速解决问题的方法是使用'\n'查找并替换'\\n':
text.replace('\\n', '\n')
我不喜欢这个.但它会对你有用.
更好的方法是读取多行,如下所示:
input = raw_input('Please type in something: ')
lines = [input]
while input:
input = raw_input()
lines.append(input)
text = '\n'.join(lines)
print text