如何在目录树中找到所有符号链接？

Question

我正在尝试在我的网站的目录树中找到所有符号链接.我知道我可以find用来做这个,但我无法弄清楚如何递归检查目录.

我试过这个命令:

find /var/www/ -type l

...后来我发现里面的内容/var/www是符号链接,所以我把命令改为:

find -L /var/www/ -type l

运行需要一段时间,但是我没有匹配.

如何检查子目录？

Answer 1

这将递归遍历/path/to/folder目录并仅列出符号链接:

ls -lR /path/to/folder | grep ^l

如果你的意图也是遵循符号链接,你应该使用你的find命令,但你应该包括-L选项; 事实上,该find手册页说:

   -L     Follow symbolic links.  When find examines or prints information
          about files, the information used shall be taken from the  prop?
          erties  of  the file to which the link points, not from the link
          itself (unless it is a broken symbolic link or find is unable to
          examine  the file to which the link points).  Use of this option
          implies -noleaf.  If you later use the -P option,  -noleaf  will
          still  be  in  effect.   If -L is in effect and find discovers a
          symbolic link to a subdirectory during its search, the subdirec?
          tory pointed to by the symbolic link will be searched.

          When the -L option is in effect, the -type predicate will always
          match against the type of the file that a symbolic  link  points
          to rather than the link itself (unless the symbolic link is bro?
          ken).  Using -L causes the -lname and -ilname predicates  always
          to return false.

然后尝试这个:

find -L /var/www/ -type l

这可能会有效:我在find手册页中找到了这个钻石:如果您使用该-type选项,则必须将其更改为-xtype选项:

          l      symbolic link; this is never true if the -L option or the
                 -follow option is in effect, unless the symbolic link  is
                 broken.  If you want to search for symbolic links when -L
                 is in effect, use -xtype.

然后:

find -L /var/www/ -xtype l

Answer 2

一个命令,没有管道

find . -type l -ls

干净利落...

扩展这个答案,这里有一些更符号链接相关的find命令:

查找指向特定目标的符号链接

find . -lname link_target

请注意,这.是一个可能包含通配符的模式.

找到破碎的符号链接

find -L . -type l -ls

该-type l选项指示-ls遵循符号链接,除非它被破坏.

查找并替换损坏的符号链接

find -L . -type l -delete -exec ln -s new_target {} \;

更多查找示例

更多find示例可以在这里找到:https://hamwaves.com/find/

Answer 3

find 默认情况下已经递归查看:

[15:21:53 ~]$ mkdir foo
[15:22:28 ~]$ cd foo
[15:22:31 ~/foo]$ mkdir bar
[15:22:35 ~/foo]$ cd bar
[15:22:36 ~/foo/bar]$ ln -s ../foo abc
[15:22:40 ~/foo/bar]$ cd ..
[15:22:47 ~/foo]$ ln -s foo abc
[15:22:52 ~/foo]$ find ./ -type l
.//abc
.//bar/abc
[15:22:57 ~/foo]$ 

Answer 4

要查看符号链接本身,您可以使用

find -L /path/to/dir/ -xtype l 

如果你想看到他们目标的文件,只需附加一个ls

find -L /path/to/dir/ -xtype l -exec ls -al {} \;

Answer 5

到目前为止，这是我发现的最好的事情-递归地向您显示当前目录中的符号链接，但不遵循它们，而是显示完整路径和其他信息：

find ./ -type l -print0 | xargs -0 ls -plah

输出看起来像这样：

lrwxrwxrwx 1 apache develop 99 Dec  5 12:49 ./dir/dir2/symlink1 -> /dir3/symlinkTarget
lrwxrwxrwx 1 apache develop 81 Jan 10 14:02 ./dir1/dir2/dir4/symlink2 -> /dir5/whatever/symlink2Target
etc...