在QTreeView中选择慢,为什么？

Question

我最近在一个正在研究的项目中使用了PyQt.我有一个QTreeView连接到QAbstractItemModel,它通常有数千个节点.到目前为止,它工作正常,但我今天意识到选择很多节点非常慢.经过一番挖掘后,事实证明QAbstractItemModel.parent()经常被调用.我创建了最少的代码来重现问题:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
import cProfile
import pstats

from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt, QAbstractItemModel, QVariant, QModelIndex
from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QTreeView

# 200 root nodes with 10 subnodes each

class TreeNode(object):
    def __init__(self, parent, row, text):
        self.parent = parent
        self.row = row
        self.text = text
        if parent is None: # root node, create subnodes
            self.children = [TreeNode(self, i, unicode(i)) for i in range(10)]
        else:
            self.children = []

class TreeModel(QAbstractItemModel):
    def __init__(self):
        QAbstractItemModel.__init__(self)
        self.nodes = [TreeNode(None, i, unicode(i)) for i in range(200)]

    def index(self, row, column, parent):
        if not self.nodes:
            return QModelIndex()
        if not parent.isValid():
            return self.createIndex(row, column, self.nodes[row])
        node = parent.internalPointer()
        return self.createIndex(row, column, node.children[row])

    def parent(self, index):
        if not index.isValid():
            return QModelIndex()
        node = index.internalPointer()
        if node.parent is None:
            return QModelIndex()
        else:
            return self.createIndex(node.parent.row, 0, node.parent)

    def columnCount(self, parent):
        return 1

    def rowCount(self, parent):
        if not parent.isValid():
            return len(self.nodes)
        node = parent.internalPointer()
        return len(node.children)

    def data(self, index, role):
        if not index.isValid():
            return QVariant()
        node = index.internalPointer()
        if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
            return QVariant(node.text)
        return QVariant()


app = QApplication(sys.argv)
treemodel = TreeModel()
treeview = QTreeView()
treeview.setSelectionMode(QTreeView.ExtendedSelection)
treeview.setSelectionBehavior(QTreeView.SelectRows)
treeview.setModel(treemodel)
treeview.expandAll()
treeview.show()
cProfile.run('app.exec_()', 'profdata')
p = pstats.Stats('profdata')
p.sort_stats('time').print_stats()

要重现该问题,只需运行代码(进行分析)并选择树窗口小部件中的所有节点(通过移位选择或Cmd-A).当您退出应用程序时,分析统计信息将显示如下内容:

Fri May  8 20:04:26 2009    profdata

         628377 function calls in 6.210 CPU seconds

   Ordered by: internal time

   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall filename:lineno(function)
        1    4.788    4.788    6.210    6.210 {built-in method exec_}
   136585    0.861    0.000    1.182    0.000 /Users/hsoft/Desktop/slow_selection.py:34(parent)
   142123    0.217    0.000    0.217    0.000 {built-in method createIndex}
    17519    0.148    0.000    0.164    0.000 /Users/hsoft/Desktop/slow_selection.py:52(data)
   162198    0.094    0.000    0.094    0.000 {built-in method isValid}
     8000    0.055    0.000    0.076    0.000 /Users/hsoft/Desktop/slow_selection.py:26(index)
   161357    0.047    0.000    0.047    0.000 {built-in method internalPointer}
       94    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 /Users/hsoft/Desktop/slow_selection.py:46(rowCount)
      404    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 /Users/hsoft/Desktop/slow_selection.py:43(columnCount)
       94    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 {len}
        1    0.000    0.000    6.210    6.210 <string>:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}

这个数据中的奇怪部分是调用parent()的频率:2k节点的136k次!有谁知道为什么？

Answer 1

尝试调用setUniformRowHeights(true)您的树视图：

https://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qtreeview.html#uniformRowHeights-prop

另外，qt 实验室还有一个名为 modeltest 的 C++ 工具。我不确定是否有 python 的东西：

https://wiki.qt.io/Model_Test