如何将Procedural项目移植到OO项目中

Question

我有一个小的PHP项目(大约3000行),我需要制作它的BASIC UML模型,从使用图,序列图和状态图的情况开始,可能是类图,并可能用协作图扩展它.

我是UML建模的新手,这是我第一次将模型从实现中取出而不是相反(不是非常有用,除非你进入逆向工程,但无论如何,这是一个分配)

现在,我应该如何处理这个问题？如果我的项目有OO实现,一些UML工具可以让我的生活变得非常简单,但事实并非如此,所以我想知道我是否应该将我的项目重写为OO以及如何做(我的意思是,是否有一些标准的基础我应遵循的指导方针或程序？),或者我是否应该按原样制作项目模型(在这种情况下,哪种建模工具最好).

我的项目也是在Eclipse IDE上编写的,有人知道它的任何插件来帮助我完成这个UML建模任务吗？

Answer 1

停

您之前是否使用面向对象编程？

你使用过OO建模技术吗？

您是否在为PHP文件使用名称空间或函数前缀("("mylib.php","function mylib_dosomething(){...}")")？

不要快速跳转到UML.UML是为了制作一份文件,记录下你的想法.

您必须先考虑一下,您将如何处理网站,然后记录和建模您的新网站的工作方式.

UML是一个很棒的工具,但是,如果你脑海中的设计很乱,那么你的文档就会搞得一团糟.

你有一个工作网站,并想要替换它.主要有两种方法.

(1)从Scratch开始:

如果您有使用OO的经验,并且您可以忘记您的旧网站,请保持其工作,并使用OO或其他一些现有框架从"临时"开始新的网站.

(2)重构

或者,您希望维护当前的网站,并逐步迁移到OO.？它也被称为"重构".

您可以从认为主程序或主要php文件是一个大对象(程序)文件开始,每个库文件也是对象.

例:

让我们说你有几个php文件.某些文件是页面的主文件.包含一些文件,甚至在页面文件中重复.其他的,只是具有功能的"库"文件.

<?php
// "indexfuncs1.php"

// this is an auxiliary file for "index.php",
// and has some free procedural code.

echo "indexfuncs1.php: dosomething()";

?>

<?php
// "funcslib.php"

// this is an library file,
// and has only functions and constants,

define ("ANYCONST", "Hello World");

function HelloWorld()
{
  echo ANYCONST;
}

?>

<?php
// "index.php"

// only declarations, doesn't do anything, by itself
//include("funcslib.php");
//require("funcslib.php");
//require_once("funcslib.php");
include_once("funcslib.php");

// this code is in other file, and its executed
include("indexfuncs1.php");

echo "index.php: Hello World";
HelloWorld();

// this code is in other file, and its executed
include("indexfuncs1.php");

?>

并开始将它们变成这样:

<?php
// "indexfuncs1.php"

// this is an auxiliary file for "index.php",
// and has some free procedural code.

function indexfuncs1_dosomething()
{
  echo "indexfuncs1.php: dosomething()";
}

?>

<?php
// "funcslib.php"

// this is an library file,
// and has only functions and constants,

define ("funcslib_ANYCONST", "Hello World");

function funcslib_HelloWorld()
{
  echo funcslib_ANYCONST;
}

?>

<?php
// "index.php"

// only declarations, doesn't do anything, by itself
//include("funcslib.php");
//require("funcslib.php");
//require_once("funcslib.php");
include_once("funcslib.php");

function index_main()
{
  // this code is in other file, and its executed
  indexfuncs1_dosomething();

  echo "index.php: Hello World";

  funcslib_HelloWorld();

  // this code is in other file, and its executed
  indexfuncs1_dosomething();    
}

?>

而且还没有OO.因为,它是一个中间步骤.

Lets start by transform each web page into a single class, without inheritance, without parent classes.

<?php
// "indexfuncs1.php"

// this is an auxiliary file for "index.php",
// and the free procedural code have become a class.

class indexfuncs1 {
    function dosomething()
    {
        echo "indexfuncs1.php: dosomething()";      
    } // function dosomething()
} // class IndexPage    

?>


<?php
// "index.php"

// only declarations, doesn't do anything, by itself
//include("funcslib.php");
//require("funcslib.php");
//require_once("funcslib.php");
include_once("funcslib.php");

class IndexPage {
    function main()
    {
      $myAux = new indexfuncs1();

      // this code is in other file, and its executed
      $myAux->dosomething();

      echo "index.php: Hello World";

      funcslib_HelloWorld();

      // this code is in other file, and its executed
      $myAux->dosomething();
    } // function main()
} // class IndexPage

function index_main()
{
    $myPage = new IndexPage();
    $myPage->main();
} // function index_main(...)

// --> the only allowed global procedural code:
index_main();

?>

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