将重复的varchars更新为SQL数据库中的唯一

Question

我需要更改数据库以在表列上添加唯一约束,但其中的VARCHAR数据不是唯一的.

如何通过在现有数据末尾添加序号来更新这些重复记录,以使每个值都是唯一的？

例如,我想将'name'更改为'name1','name2','name3'

Answer 1

以下是使用sql的MS SQL SERVER风格的2个示例.

设置示例:

create table test (id int identity primary key, val varchar(20) )
    --id is a pk for the cursor so it can update using "where current of"

-- name a is not duplicated
-- name b is duplicated 3 times
-- name c is duplicated 2 times

insert test values('name a')
insert test values('name b')
insert test values('name c')
insert test values('name b')
insert test values('name b')
insert test values('name c')

Sql 2005\2008 :(计算表表达式)

begin tran; -- Computed table expressions require the statement prior to end with ;

with cte(val,row) as (

    select val, row_number() over (partition by val order by val) row
    --partiton is important. it resets the row_number on a new val
    from test 
    where val in ( -- only return values that are duplicated
        select val
        from test
        group by val
        having count(val)>1
    )
)
update cte set val = val + ltrim(str(row))
--ltrim(str(row)) = converting the int to a string and removing the padding from the str command.

select * from test

rollback

Sql 2000 :(光标示例)

begin tran

declare @row int, @last varchar(20), @current varchar(20)
set @last = ''
declare dupes cursor
    for
    select val 
    from test 
    where val in ( -- only return values that are duplicated
        select val
        from test
        group by val
        having count(val)>1
    )
    order by val

    for update of val

open dupes
fetch next from dupes into @current
while @@fetch_status = 0
begin
    --new set of dupes, like the partition by in the 2005 example
    if @last != @current
        set @row = 1

    update test
        --@last is being set during the update statement
        set val = val + ltrim(str(@row)), @last = val
        where current of dupes

    set @row = @row + 1

    fetch next from dupes into @current
end
close dupes
deallocate dupes

select * from test

rollback

我回滚了每个更新,因为我的脚本文件包含两个示例.这使我可以在不重置表格中的行的情况下测试功能.