如何一次显示Ruby on Rails表单验证错误消息

Question

我试图了解如何实现这一目标.任何人都可以建议我或指出我正确的方向？

这允许每次显示每个字段1个错误.这几乎是我想做的,但并不完全正确.我想一次显示1个完整的错误消息.EG名字不能为空.一旦解决了它就转移到下一个错误.因此,如果用户在他们的姓氏中添加了数字,它将不再是空白,但它会显示另一个错误,说明只允许字母等.当错误被修复时,它将转到姓氏错误或者如果用户字段可能发送电子邮件正确地说出他们的姓氏.

<% @user.errors.each do |attr, msg| %>
<%= "#{attr} #{msg}" if @user.errors[attr].first == msg %> 
<% end %>

Answer 1

ActiveRecord将验证错误存储在一个名为的数组中errors.如果您有User模型,那么您将访问给定实例中的验证错误,如下所示:

@user = User.create[params[:user]] # create will automatically call validators

if @user.errors.any? # If there are errors, do something

  # You can iterate through all messages by attribute type and validation message
  # This will be something like:
  # attribute = 'name'
  # message = 'cannot be left blank'
  @user.errors.each do |attribute, message|
    # do stuff for each error
  end

  # Or if you prefer, you can get the full message in single string, like so:
  # message = 'Name cannot be left blank'
  @users.errors.full_messages.each do |message|
    # do stuff for each error
  end

  # To get all errors associated with a single attribute, do the following:
  if @user.errors.include?(:name)
    name_errors = @user.errors[:name]

    if name_errors.kind_of?(Array)
      name_errors.each do |error|
        # do stuff for each error on the name attribute
      end
    else
      error = name_errors
      # do stuff for the one error on the name attribute.
    end
  end
end

当然,如果您只想向用户显示第一个错误或其他内容,您也可以在视图中执行此操作而不是控制器.

Answer 2

经过几个小时的实验,我发现了它.

<% if @user.errors.full_messages.any? %>
  <% @user.errors.full_messages.each do |error_message| %>
    <%= error_message if @user.errors.full_messages.first == error_message %> <br />
  <% end %>
<% end %>

更好的是:

<%= @user.errors.full_messages.first if @user.errors.any? %>

Answer 3

一个更好的主意,

如果你想把错误信息放在文本字段下面,你可以这样做

.row.spacer20top
  .col-sm-6.form-group
    = f.label :first_name, "*Your First Name:"
    = f.text_field :first_name, :required => true, class: "form-control"
    = f.error_message_for(:first_name)

什么是error_message_for？
- >嗯,这是一个很好的黑客做一些很酷的东西

# Author Shiva Bhusal
# Aug 2016
# in config/initializers/modify_rails_form_builder.rb
# This will add a new method in the `f` object available in Rails forms
class ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
  def error_message_for(field_name)
    if self.object.errors[field_name].present?
      model_name              = self.object.class.name.downcase
      id_of_element           = "error_#{model_name}_#{field_name}"
      target_elem_id          = "#{model_name}_#{field_name}"
      class_name              = 'signup-error alert alert-danger'
      error_declaration_class = 'has-signup-error'

      "<div id=\"#{id_of_element}\" for=\"#{target_elem_id}\" class=\"#{class_name}\">"\
      "#{self.object.errors[field_name].join(', ')}"\
      "</div>"\
      "<!-- Later JavaScript to add class to the parent element -->"\
      "<script>"\
          "document.onreadystatechange = function(){"\
            "$('##{id_of_element}').parent()"\
            ".addClass('#{error_declaration_class}');"\
          "}"\
      "</script>".html_safe
    end
  rescue
    nil
  end
end

结果

标记错误后生成

<div id="error_user_email" for="user_email" class="signup-error alert alert-danger">has already been taken</div>
<script>document.onreadystatechange = function(){$('#error_user_email').parent().addClass('has-signup-error');}</script>

相应的SCSS

  .has-signup-error{
    .signup-error{
      background: transparent;
      color: $brand-danger;
      border: none;
    }

    input, select{
      background-color: $bg-danger;
      border-color: $brand-danger;
      color: $gray-base;
      font-weight: 500;
    }

    &.checkbox{
      label{
        &:before{
          background-color: $bg-danger;
          border-color: $brand-danger;
        }
      }
    }

注意:此处使用Bootstrap变量