如何使打字机动画更流畅、不那么模糊?

Seb*_*ian 2 swiftui swiftui-animation

我正在创建这个动画,想知道是否有办法让它变得更有趣。

在此输入图像描述

这是代码:

import SwiftUI

struct TypewriterView: View {
    let text: String
    @State private var animatedText = ""

    var body: some View {
        Text(animatedText)
            .font(.title)
            .padding()
            .onAppear {
                animateText()
            }
    }

    private func animateText() {
        for (index, character) in text.enumerated() {
            DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + Double(index) * 0.05) {
                withAnimation {
                    animatedText += String(character)
                }
                
            }
        }
    }
}

// Usage example
struct ContentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        TypewriterView(text: "Hello, Twitter! This is a typewriter animation.")
    }
}

struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ContentView()
    }
}
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withAnimation也许我应该在...中设置一个动画

有什么想法吗?

Rob*_*ier 6

你想要的恰恰相反。你想要动画。这导致了两个州之间的融合。您只想添加字符。我推荐这种方法,用 async/await 替换 GCD:

var body: some View {
    Text(animatedText)
        .font(.title)
        .padding()
        .task { await animateText() } // Use .task to create async context
}

private func animateText() async {
    for character in text {
        animatedText.append(character)
        // Use `.sleep` to separate the updates rather than `asyncAfter`
        try! await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(75))
    }
}
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我看到了一个不相关的问题,即文本在自动换行时改变了其布局的想法。当文本删除最后一个单词时,“a”将与“打字机”一起放在第二行。当第三个单词添加到该行时,视图会调整大小,并且“a”向上移动一行,这打破了“打字机”错觉。我还没有找到一个好的解决方案(但它与动画问题分开)。


为了解决文本重新格式化的问题,创建一个正确长度的空格字符串,然后交换字母似乎确实有效。.monospaced()如果添加到文本中,效果会更好,这样可以更好地匹配打字机的外观,但这不是必需的。

var body: some View {
    Text(animatedText)
        .font(.title)
        .monospaced() // If desired
        .padding()
        .task { await animateText() }
        .onTapGesture {
            // makes testing it easier
            animatedText = ""
            Task { await animateText() }
        }
}

private func animateText() async {
    var characters = Array(repeating: Character(" "),
                           count: text.count)
    for (index, character) in zip(characters.indices, text) {
        characters[index] = character
        animatedText = String(characters)
        try! await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(50))
    }
}
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换行还是有点别扭,因为它只有超过行宽才会换行,所以它更像是一个文字处理器而不是打字机,但对于少量代码来说这是一个相当不错的效果。


我对此做了更多思考,一个可能更好的方法是使所有文本清晰,然后逐步删除该属性。这样就只有一个布局步骤。这是一个更新版本,它可以执行此操作,并在文本更改时重新启动动画。

struct TypewriterView: View {
    var text: String
    var typingDelay: Duration = .milliseconds(50)

    @State private var animatedText: AttributedString = ""
    @State private var typingTask: Task<Void, Error>?

    var body: some View {
        Text(animatedText)
            .onChange(of: text) { _ in animateText() }
            .onAppear() { animateText() }
    }

    private func animateText() {
        typingTask?.cancel()

        typingTask = Task {
            let defaultAttributes = AttributeContainer()
            animatedText = AttributedString(text,
                                            attributes: defaultAttributes.foregroundColor(.clear)
            )

            var index = animatedText.startIndex
            while index < animatedText.endIndex {
                try Task.checkCancellation()

                // Update the style
                animatedText[animatedText.startIndex...index]
                    .setAttributes(defaultAttributes)

                // Wait
                try await Task.sleep(for: typingDelay)

                // Advance the index, character by character
                index = animatedText.index(afterCharacter: index)
            }
        }
    }
}

// Usage example
struct ContentView: View {
    @State var text = "Hello, Twitter! This is a typewriter animation."

    var body: some View {
        TypewriterView(text: text)
            .font(.title)
            .padding()
    }
}
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