使用 sed 或 awk 设置文本格式

Question

我正在尝试格式化以下实际输出以使每个磁盘处于同一行

0. ct1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>
   /pci@4,0/pci8086,347c@4/e,487c@0/disk@1
   /dev/chassis/SYS/DBP/HDD0/NVME/disk
1. c2t1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>
   /pci@4,0/pci8086,347d@5/apci108e,487c@0/disk@1
   /dev/chassis/DBP/HDD1/NVME/disk
2. c3t0d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MAAAD-D3MU-223.57GB>
   /pci@0,0/pci8e,4872@17/disk@0,0
   /dev/chassis/MB/SSDR0/SSD0/disk
3. c4t2d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MTFD-D3MU-223.57GB>
   /pci@0,0/pci08e,4872@17/disk@2,0
   /dev/chassis/SYS/MB/SSDR0/SSD1/disk

尝试获得如下所示的预期输出，

0. ct1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347c@4/e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/SYS/DBP/HDD0/NVME/disk|
1. c2t1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347d@5/apci108e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/DBP/HDD1/NVME/disk|
2. c3t0d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MAAAD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci108e,4872@17/disk@0,0| /dev/chassis/MB/SSDR0/SSD0/disk|
3. c4t2d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MTFD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci108e,4872@17/disk@2,0| /dev/chassis/SYS/MB/SSDR0/SSD1/disk|

我在下面尝试过，

cat actual_output | tr -s " " | tr "\n" "|"

这导致所有内容都在单行中，

0. ct1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347c@4/e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/SYS/DBP/HDD0/NVME/disk|1. c2t1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347d@5/apci108e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/DBP/HDD1/NVME/disk|2. c3t0d0 <ATA-Micron_5300_MAAAD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci108e,4872@17/disk@0,0| /dev/chassis/MB/SSDR0/SSD0/disk|3. c4t2d0 <ATA-Micron_5300_MTFD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci108e,4872@17/disk@2,0| /dev/chassis/SYS/MB/SSDR0/SSD1/disk|

现在需要将 0. 直到下一个 1. 内容替换为换行符（\n），这样就会得到预期的结果。我们有任何正则表达式可以做同样的事情吗？

TIA

Answer 1

修改一个数据集只有 2 行：

$ cat disk.dat
0. ct1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>
   /pci@4,0/pci8086,347c@4/e,487c@0/disk@1
   /dev/chassis/SYS/DBP/HDD0/NVME/disk
1. c2t1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>
   /pci@4,0/pci8086,347d@5/apci108e,487c@0/disk@1
   /dev/chassis/DBP/HDD1/NVME/disk
2. c3t0d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MAAAD-D3MU-223.57GB>
   /pci@0,0/pci8e,4872@17/disk@0,0
3. c4t2d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MTFD-D3MU-223.57GB>
   /pci@0,0/pci08e,4872@17/disk@2,0
   /dev/chassis/SYS/MB/SSDR0/SSD1/disk

扩展OP的当前代码：

cat disk.dat | tr -s " " | tr "\n" "|" | sed -E "s/\|([0-9])/\|\n\1/g; s/$/\n/"

在哪里：

• 脚本的前半部分sed将 a 放在\n竖线 ( |) 和数字 ( [0-9])之间
• 脚本的第二部分在行尾sed添加了一个\n

另一种awk想法：

awk -F'.' '                                        # input field delimiter is a period
           { sub(/[[:space:]]+/,"",$1) }           # remove leading white space from 1st field
($1+0)==$1 { if (NR>1) print ""; pfx="" }          # if 1st field is numeric; if beyond 1st row then terminate previous line of output; reset prefix to empty string
           { printf "%s%s|", pfx, $0; pfx=" " }    # print prefix plus current line; reset prefix to a single space
END        { if (NR>=1) print "" }                 # if we had at least one row of input then terminate previous line of output
' disk.dat

这两者都会生成：

0. ct1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347c@4/e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/SYS/DBP/HDD0/NVME/disk|
1. c2t1d0 <INTEL-ADDPF2KX076T9S-2CV1-6.19TB>| /pci@4,0/pci8086,347d@5/apci108e,487c@0/disk@1| /dev/chassis/DBP/HDD1/NVME/disk|
2. c3t0d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MAAAD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci8e,4872@17/disk@0,0|
3. c4t2d0 <ATA-Min_5300_MTFD-D3MU-223.57GB>| /pci@0,0/pci08e,4872@17/disk@2,0| /dev/chassis/SYS/MB/SSDR0/SSD1/disk|