我使用下面的代码从 nltk 获取索引，然后显示每个索引的索引。我得到的结果如下所示。到目前为止，一切都很好。
如何仅查找一个特定索引的索引？在这个小例子中，将索引与索引相匹配是很容易的，但如果我有 300 个索引，我想找到其中一个的索引。
.index不将列表中的多个项目作为参数。
有人可以指出我应该使用的命令/结构来获取与索引一起显示的索引吗？我在下面附加了一个更有用的结果的示例，该结果超出 nltk 以获得单独的索引列表。我想将这些合并为一个结果，但是如何实现呢？
import nltk
nltk.download('punkt')
from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize, word_tokenize
from nltk.text import Text
moby = open('mobydick.txt', 'r')
moby_read = moby.read()
moby_text = nltk.Text(nltk.word_tokenize(moby_read))
moby_text.concordance("monstrous")
moby_indices = [index for (index, item) in enumerate(moby_text) if item == "monstrous"]
print(moby_indices)
Displaying 11 of 11 matches:
ong the former , one was of a most monstrous size . ... This came towards us ,
N OF THE PSALMS . `` Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale or ork we have r
ll over with a heathenish array of monstrous clubs and spears . Some were thick
d as you gazed , and wondered what monstrous cannibal and savage could ever hav
that has survived the flood ; most monstrous and most mountainous ! That Himmal
they might scout at Moby Dick as a monstrous fable , or still worse and more de
of Radney . ' '' CHAPTER 55 Of the Monstrous Pictures of Whales . I shall ere l
ing Scenes . In connexion with the monstrous pictures of whales , I am strongly
ere to enter upon those still more monstrous stories of them which are to be fo
ght have been rummaged out of this monstrous cabinet there is no telling . But
e of Whale-Bones ; for Whales of a monstrous size are oftentimes cast up dead u
[858, 1124, 9359, 9417, 32173, 94151, 122253, 122269, 162203, 205095]
我理想中希望有这样的东西。
Displaying 11 of 11 matches:
[858] ong the former , one was of a most monstrous size . ... This came towards us ,
[1124] N OF THE PSALMS . `` Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale or ork we have r
[9359] ll over with a heathenish array of monstrous clubs and spears . Some were thick
[9417] d as you gazed , and wondered what monstrous cannibal and savage could ever hav
[32173] that has survived the flood ; most monstrous and most mountainous ! That Himmal
[94151] they might scout at Moby Dick as a monstrous fable , or still worse and more de
[122253] of Radney . ' '' CHAPTER 55 Of the Monstrous Pictures of Whales . I shall ere l
[122269] ing Scenes . In connexion with the monstrous pictures of whales , I am strongly
[162203] ere to enter upon those still more monstrous stories of them which are to be fo
[162203] ght have been rummaged out of this monstrous cabinet there is no telling . But
[205095] e of Whale-Bones ; for Whales of a monstrous size are oftentimes cast up dead u
我们可以使用concordance_list函数（https://www.nltk.org/api/nltk.text.html），以便我们可以指定width和 的数量lines，然后迭代lines 获取'offset'（即行号）并添加周围的括号'[' ']'加上roi（即'monstrous'） 和 之间left（right每个line）：
some_text = open('/content/drive/My Drive/Colab Notebooks/DATA_FOLDERS/TEXT/mobydick.txt', 'r')
roi = 'monstrous'
moby_read = some_text.read()
moby_text = nltk.Text(nltk.word_tokenize(moby_read))
moby_text = moby_text.concordance_list(roi, width=22, lines=1000)
for line in moby_text:
print('[' + str(line.offset) + '] ' + ' '.join(line.left) + ' ' + roi + ' ' + ' '.join(line.right))
或者如果您发现此内容更具可读性 ( import numpy as np)：
for line in moby_text:
print('[' + str(line.offset) + '] ', np.append(' '.join(np.append(np.array(line.left), roi)), np.array(' '.join(line.right))))
输出（我的行号与你的不匹配，因为我使用了这个来源： https: //gist.github.com/StevenClontz/4445774 ，它只是有不同的间距/行号）：
[494] 306 LV . OF THE monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES .
[1385] one was of a most monstrous size . * *
[1652] the Psalms. ' Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale
[9874] with a heathenish array of monstrous clubs and spears .
[9933] gazed , and wondered what monstrous cannibal and savage could
[32736] survived the Flood ; most monstrous and most mountainous !
[95115] scout at Moby-Dick as a monstrous fable , or still
[121328] '' CHAPTER LV OF THE monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES I
[121991] this bookbinder 's fish an monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES 333
[122749] same field , Desmarest , monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES 335
[123525] SCENES IN connection with the monstrous pictures of whales ,
[123541] enter upon those still more monstrous stories of them which
如果我们想考虑标点符号等，我们可以这样做：
for line in moby_text:
left_words = [left_word for left_word in line.left]
right_words = [right_word for right_word in line.right]
return_text = '[' + str(line.offset) + '] '
for word in left_words:
if any([word == '.', word == ',', word == ';', word == '!']):
return_text += word
else:
return_text += ' ' + word if return_text[-1] != ' ' else word
return_text += roi + ' '
for word in right_words:
if any([word == '.', word == ',', word == ';', word == '!']):
return_text += word
else:
return_text += ' ' + word if return_text[-1] != ' ' else word
print(return_text)
输出：
[494] 306 LV. OF THE monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES.
[1385] one was of a most monstrous size. * *
[1652] the Psalms.' Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale
[9874] with a heathenish array of monstrous clubs and spears.
[9933] gazed, and wondered what monstrous cannibal and savage could
[32736] survived the Flood; most monstrous and most mountainous!
[95115] scout at Moby-Dick as a monstrous fable, or still
[121328] '' CHAPTER LV OF THE monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES I
[121991] this bookbinder 's fish an monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES 333
[122749] same field, Desmarest, monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES 335
[123525] SCENES IN connection with the monstrous pictures of whales,
[123541] enter upon those still more monstrous stories of them which
但你可能需要调整它，因为我没有对可能出现的不同上下文进行太多思考（例如'*'，数字、全部大写的章节标题、罗马数字等），这更取决于你你希望输出文本是什么样子——我只是提供一个例子。
注意： width函数中指的concordance_list是下一个左（和右）单词的最大4长度，因此如果我们将其设置为第一行将打印：
[494] THE monstrous
因为len('THE ')是4，所以将其设置为3会切断 的'THE'下一个左词'monstrous'：
[494] monstrous
whilelines在concordance_list函数中指的是最大'monstrous'行数，因此如果我们只想包含(ie moby_text.concordance_list(..., lines=2))的前两行：
[494] 306 LV . OF THE monstrous PICTURES OF WHALES .
[1385] one was of a most monstrous size . * *