为什么 libs.versions.toml 中声明的依赖项在子项目中不起作用？

Question

我正在使用 gradle 8.0.2 为多模块项目编写构建脚本，在 libs.versions.toml 文件中声明一些依赖项，我的构建脚本如下

buildscript {
    repositories {
        gradlePluginPortal()
        maven {
            url = uri("https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/")
        }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("gradle.plugin.com.github.johnrengelman:shadow:7.1.2")
    }

}

plugins{
    `kotlin-dsl`
}

group = "xxx"
version = "0.0.1-SNAPSHOT"
java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_19

subprojects {
    apply(plugin = "java")
    apply(plugin = "checkstyle")
    apply(plugin = "maven-publish")
    apply(plugin = "com.github.johnrengelman.shadow")
    // common deps + repos
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        api(libs.jsr305)
        testImplementation(libs.bundles.junit)

        compileOnly(libs.lombok)
        annotationProcessor(libs.lombok)

        testCompileOnly(libs.lombok)
        testAnnotationProcessor(libs.lombok)
    }

    java {
        withSourcesJar()
    }

    tasks.named<Test>("test") {
        useJUnitPlatform()
    }

    tasks.withType<JavaCompile>() {
        options.encoding = "UTF-8"
    }

    tasks.withType<Javadoc>() {
        options.encoding = "UTF-8"
    }
}

我想在每个子项目中应用这些公共依赖项，这些依赖项在 libs.versions.toml 中定义，并且我可以保证 libs.versions.toml 编写没有问题，但我无法让它在子项目中工作

错误：

Extension with name 'libs' does not exist. Currently registered extension names: [ext, base, defaultArtifacts, sourceSets, reporting, javaToolchains, java, testing, checkstyle, publishing, shadow]

* Try:
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Exception is:
org.gradle.api.UnknownDomainObjectException: Extension with name 'libs' does not exist. Currently registered extension names: [ext, base, defaultArtifacts, sourceSets, reporting, javaToolchains, java, testing, checkstyle, publishing, shadow]

Answer 1

Gradle 建议使用这个：

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