使用 Spring Security (Spring Boot 3.0.2) 时如何访问 H2 控制台?

SpE*_*LaR 2 java spring h2 spring-security spring-boot

所以我正在尝试学习 Spring,因为今年晚些时候我的一个项目将需要它。项目使用 Spring Boot 3.0.2 和 Java 17。我还使用 Spring Security 依赖项,这意味着我需要在不使用令牌的情况下授权某些 URL。

我找到了一种方法,可以对除 H2 控制台之外的所有 URL 执行此操作。由于某种原因,无论我如何编写代码,我都无法访问 H2-console,因为在访问 localhost:8080/h2-console 时我会收到 403(未经授权)。

对此的任何帮助将不胜感激。

这是 pom 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>newproject</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>newproject</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

这是 application.properties 文件:

#For h2 database
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=

spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect

## H2 specific settings
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

这是 WebSecurityConfig 类:

package com.example.newproject.configs;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig {

    private static final String[] WHITE_LIST_URLS = {
            "/register",
            "/api/v1/getUsers",
            "/h2-console/**"
    };

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(11);
    }

    @Bean
    SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // FIXME: Cant access h2 console
//        http
//                .cors()
//                .and()
//                .csrf()
//                .disable()
//                .authorizeHttpRequests()
//                .requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS)
//                .permitAll();
//
        http.authorizeHttpRequests().requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS).permitAll();
        return http.build();
    }
}

Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

这是结果: 结果

正如您所看到的,我尝试通过两种方式来做到这一点。两者都适用于“/register”和“/api/v1/getUsers”,但不适用于“/h2-console/**”。我可能做错了什么,但注释的代码来自 youtube 指南,未注释的代码来自 StackOverflow 上的另一个问题,所以我完全没有想法。任何帮助,将不胜感激。

编辑1:问题已通过标记答案解决。这是适合我的代码:

public class WebSecurityConfig {

    private static final AntPathRequestMatcher[] WHITE_LIST_URLS = {
            new AntPathRequestMatcher("/register"),
            new AntPathRequestMatcher("/api/v1/getUsers"),
            // new AntPathRequestMatcher("/h2-console/**"),
    };

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(11);
    }

    @Bean
    SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .cors()
                .and()
                .csrf()
                .disable()
                .authorizeHttpRequests()
                .requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS)
                .permitAll();

        return http.build();
    }

    @Bean
    WebSecurityCustomizer webSecurityCustomizer() {
        return web -> web.ignoring()
                .requestMatchers(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/h2-console/**"));
    }
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

rph*_*rph 5

默认情况下,requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS)使用时会落入MvcRequestMatcher参考)。只会MvcRequestMatcher匹配 Web MVC DispatcherServlet 内部映射。默认情况下,H2 控制台不是 DispatcherServlet 的一部分,但应用程序中的自定义控制器是,因此存在差异。

修复此问题的一种选择是使用AntPathRequestMatcherH2 控制台,如下所示:

public class WebSecurityConfig {
    // some of the original code was omitted for brevity

    private static final String[] WHITE_LIST_URLS = {
            "/register",
            "/api/v1/getUsers"
    };

    @Bean
    SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeHttpRequests()
                .requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS)
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .authorizeHttpRequests()
                .requestMatchers(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/h2-console/**"))
                .permitAll();
        http.csrf().disable();

        return http.build();
    }
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

一种可能的替代方法是使用数组AntPathRequestMatcher代替String白名单数组,并保持安全过滤器不变:

public class WebSecurityConfig {
    // some of the original code was omitted for brevity

    private static final AntPathRequestMatcher[] WHITE_LIST_URLS = {
            new AntPathRequestMatcher("/register"),
            new AntPathRequestMatcher("/api/v1/getUsers"),
            new AntPathRequestMatcher("/h2-console/**")
    };

    @Bean
    SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeHttpRequests()
                .requestMatchers(WHITE_LIST_URLS)
                .permitAll();
        http.csrf().disable();

        return http.build();
    }
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

另一个选择是添加一个定制器来忽略 H2 Console,这应该没问题,因为 H2 Console 有自己的身份验证机制。

@Bean
WebSecurityCustomizer webSecurityCustomizer() {
    return web -> web.ignoring()
            .requestMatchers(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/h2-console/**"));
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

编辑1:还需要禁用CSRF,添加到上面的代码片段中。

编辑 2:添加一个额外的选项来忽略带有 Spring Boot 3 的 H2 控制台。