是否可以在编译时验证用户定义文字的输入

sji*_*sji 17 c++ compile-time

在下面的示例中,我希望在编译时被告知,从 long 到 int 的转换会更改值,就像我不使用用户定义的文字时所做的那样。

#include <cassert>

constexpr int operator "" _asInt(unsigned long long i) {
    // How do I ensure that i fits in an int here?
    // assert(i < std::numeric_limits<int>::max()); // i is not constexpr
    return static_cast<int>(i);  
}

int main() {
  int a = 1_asInt;
  int b = 99999999999999999_asInt; // I'd like a warning or error here
  int c = 99999999999999999; // The compiler will warn me here that this isn't safe
}
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我可以找出几种获得运行时错误的方法,但我希望有某种方法可以使其成为编译时错误,因为据我所知,所有元素都可以在编译时已知。

Art*_*yer 24

做了consteval

consteval int operator "" _asInt(unsigned long long i) {
    if (i > (unsigned long long) std::numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
        throw "nnn_asInt: too large";
    }
    return i;  
}

int main() {
  int a = 1_asInt;
  // int b = 99999999999999999_asInt;  // Doesn't compile
  int c = 99999999999999999;  // Warning
}
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在 C++17 中,您可以使用文字运算符模板,但它有点复杂:

template<char... C>
inline constexpr char str[sizeof...(C)] = { C... }; 

// You need to implement this
constexpr unsigned long long parse_ull(const char* s);

template<char... S>
constexpr int operator "" _asInt() {
    constexpr unsigned long long i = parse_ull(str<S..., 0>);
    static_assert(i <= std::numeric_limits<int>::max(), "nnn_asInt: too large");
    return int{i};
}
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