如何捕获这个嵌套的 httpx 异常？

Question

我因此陷入困境：

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with httpx.Client(**sessions[scraperIndex]) as client:\n    try:\n        response = client.get(...)\n    except TimeoutError as e:\n        print(\'does not hit\')\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\'\xe2\x9b\x94\xef\xb8\x8f Unexpected exception: {e}\')\n        print_exc()  # hits!\n

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不过我收到了以下故障转储。

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拉出关键线：

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TimeoutError: The read operation timed out\n\nDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n    httpcore.ReadTimeout: The read operation timed out\n\nThe above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:\n    httpx.ReadTimeout: The read operation timed out\n

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为什么我没有TimeoutError抓住这个？

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正确的做法是什么？有人可以给出推论的逻辑吗？

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---

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崩溃转储：

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\xe2\x9b\x94\xef\xb8\x8f Unexpected exception: The read operation timed out\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_exceptions.py", line 8, in map_exceptions\n    yield\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/backends/sync.py", line 26, in read\n    return self._sock.recv(max_bytes)\n  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/ssl.py", line 1258, in recv\n    return self.read(buflen)\n  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/ssl.py", line 1131, in read\n    return self._sslobj.read(len)\nTimeoutError: The read operation timed out\n\nDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py", line 60, in map_httpcore_exceptions\n    yield\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py", line 218, in handle_request\n    resp = self._pool.handle_request(req)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py", line 253, in handle_request\n    raise exc\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection_pool.py", line 237, in handle_request\n    response = connection.handle_request(request)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/connection.py", line 90, in handle_request\n    return self._connection.handle_request(request)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py", line 105, in handle_request\n    raise exc\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py", line 84, in handle_request\n    ) = self._receive_response_headers(**kwargs)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py", line 148, in _receive_response_headers\n    event = self._receive_event(timeout=timeout)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_sync/http11.py", line 177, in _receive_event\n    data = self._network_stream.read(\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/backends/sync.py", line 24, in read\n    with map_exceptions(exc_map):\n  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__\n    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpcore/_exceptions.py", line 12, in map_exceptions\n    raise to_exc(exc)\nhttpcore.ReadTimeout: The read operation timed out\n\nThe above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File "/root/scraper-pi/Scrape.py", line 148, in main\n    cursor, _nScraped = scrape(client, cursor)\n  File "/root/scraper-pi/Scrape.py", line 79, in scrape\n    response = client.get(\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 1039, in get\n    return self.request(\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 815, in request\n    return self.send(request, auth=auth, follow_redirects=follow_redirects)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 902, in send\n    response = self._send_handling_auth(\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 930, in _send_handling_auth\n    response = self._send_handling_redirects(\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 967, in _send_handling_redirects\n    response = self._send_single_request(request)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_client.py", line 1003, in _send_single_request\n    response = transport.handle_request(request)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py", line 217, in handle_request\n    with map_httpcore_exceptions():\n  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__\n    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)\n  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/httpx/_transports/default.py", line 77, in map_httpcore_exceptions\n    raise mapped_exc(message) from exc\nhttpx.ReadTimeout: The read operation timed out\n

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Answer 1

所有超时错误的基类httpx不是内置的TimeoutError（大概是因为这也会导致超时OSError，这听起来不正确），而是httpx.TimeoutException.

import httpx

with httpx.Client() as client:
    try:
        response = client.get("http://httpbin.org/get", timeout=0.001)
    except httpx.TimeoutException as e:
        print('gottem')

打印gottem得很好。