在Windows MVC 3中将JSON反序列化为没有默认构造函数的对象

Question

关于JSON反序列化有很多问题,但是很多问题似乎都适用于MVC 1或MVC 2.我似乎没有找到一个特别适合MVC 3的令人满意的答案.

我有一个具有不可变属性的对象,没有默认构造函数,我想在ASP.NET MVC 3应用程序中反序列化.这是一个简化版本:

public class EmailAddress
{
    public EmailAddress(string nameAndEmailAddress)
    {
        Name = parseNameFromNameAndAddress(nameAndEmailAddress);
        Address = parseAddressFromNameAndAddress(nameAndEmailAddress);
    }

    public EmailAddress(string name, string address)
    {
        Guard.Against<FormatException>(!isNameValid(name), "Value is invalid for EmailAddress.Name: [{0}]", name);
        Guard.Against<FormatException>(!isAddressValid(address), "Value is invalid for EmailAddress.Address: [{0}]", address);
        Name = name;
        Address = address;
    }

    public string Address { get; private set; }
    public string Name { get; private set; }

    // Other stuff
}

示例控制器操作可能是:

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult ShowSomething(EmailAddress emailAddress)
{
    return View(emailAddress)
}

进入的JSON是:

{"Address":"joe@bloggs.com","Name":"Joe Bloggs"}

在MVC3中进行反序列化的最佳方法是什么？有没有办法实现可以处理这个的自定义模型绑定器或反序列化器类？

一个不干扰对象本身的解决方案将是更可取的(即,一个单独的反序列化器类,而不是向属性添加属性等),尽管可以接受任何好的建议.

我在这里找到了一个类似的问题(没有答案):我可以使用JavascriptSerializer反序列化为不可变对象吗？

Answer 1

有没有办法实现可以处理这个的自定义模型绑定器或反序列化器类？

是的,您可以编写自定义模型绑定器:

public class EmailAddressModelBinder : DefaultModelBinder
{
    protected override object CreateModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext, Type modelType)
    {
        var addressKey = "Address";
        var nameKey = "Name";
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(bindingContext.ModelName))
        {
            addressKey = bindingContext.ModelName + "." + addressKey;
            nameKey = bindingContext.ModelName + "." + nameKey;
        }

        var addressValue = bindingContext.ValueProvider.GetValue(addressKey);
        var nameValue = bindingContext.ValueProvider.GetValue(nameKey);
        if (addressValue == null || nameValue == null)
        {
            throw new Exception("You must supply an address and name");
        }
        return new EmailAddress(nameValue.AttemptedValue, addressValue.AttemptedValue);
    }
}

将在Application_Start中注册:

ModelBinders.Binders.Add(typeof(EmailAddress), new EmailAddressModelBinder());

最后剩下的就是调用动作:

$.ajax({
    url: '@Url.Action("ShowSomething")',
    type: 'POST',
    data: JSON.stringify({ "Address": "joe@bloggs.com", "Name": "Joe Bloggs" }),
    contentType: 'application/json',
    succes: function (result) {
        alert('success');
    }
});