AttributeError：“WebDriver”对象没有属性“find_element_by_xpath”

Question

from selenium import webdriver
import time

test = webdriver.Chrome()
test.get('https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeYUmAYYZNtbU8t8MRxwJo-        d1zkmSaEHodJXs78RzoG0yFY2w/viewform')

time.sleep(5)

Name = 'kuch bhi'
last = test.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="mG61Hd"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/input')
last.send_keys(Name)

当我执行代码时，我收到一条错误消息，

AttributeError：“WebDriver”对象没有属性“find_element_by_xpath”

Answer 1

Selenium 刚刚在 version 中删除了该方法4.3.0。查看更改：https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/a4995e2c096239b42c373f26498a6c9bb4f2b3e7/py/CHANGES

Selenium 4.3.0
* Deprecated find_element_by_* and find_elements_by_* are now removed (#10712)
* Deprecated Opera support has been removed (#10630)
* Fully upgraded from python 2x to 3.7 syntax and features (#10647)
* Added a devtools version fallback mechanism to look for an older version when mismatch occurs (#10749)
* Better support for co-operative multi inheritance by utilising super() throughout
* Improved type hints throughout

您现在需要使用：

Selenium 4.3.0
* Deprecated find_element_by_* and find_elements_by_* are now removed (#10712)
* Deprecated Opera support has been removed (#10630)
* Fully upgraded from python 2x to 3.7 syntax and features (#10647)
* Added a devtools version fallback mechanism to look for an older version when mismatch occurs (#10749)
* Better support for co-operative multi inheritance by utilising super() throughout
* Improved type hints throughout

在您的示例中，您将使用：

driver.find_element("xpath", '//*[@id="mG61Hd"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/input')

为了提高可靠性，您应该考虑WebDriverWait与 结合使用element_to_be_clickable。

Answer 2

您现在可以使用：

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value='//<your xpath>')

Answer 3

根据Selenium 4.3.0 的变更日志：

Selenium 4.3.0
* Deprecated find_element_by_* and find_elements_by_* are now removed (#10712)

根据合并， 16 个替换字符串如下：

.find_element_by_class_name(
.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 

.find_element_by_css_selector(
.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 

.find_element_by_id(
.find_element(By.ID, 

.find_element_by_link_text(
.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, 

.find_element_by_name(
.find_element(By.NAME, 

.find_element_by_partial_link_text(
.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 

.find_element_by_tag_name(
.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, 

.find_element_by_xpath(
.find_element(By.XPATH, 

.find_elements_by_class_name(
.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, 

.find_elements_by_css_selector(
.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 

.find_elements_by_id(
.find_elements(By.ID, 

.find_elements_by_link_text(
.find_elements(By.LINK_TEXT, 

.find_elements_by_name(
.find_elements(By.NAME, 

.find_elements_by_partial_link_text(
.find_elements(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 

.find_elements_by_tag_name(
.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 

.find_elements_by_xpath(
.find_elements(By.XPATH,

这个用例

因此，您必须有效地替换以下代码行：

last = test.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="mG61Hd"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/input')

作为：

last = test.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="mG61Hd"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/input')

笔记

您还需要By按如下方式导入：

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By