如何从Android服务实现FileObserver

Question

如何构建Android应用程序以开始Service使用a,FileObserver以便在观察目录被修改(即用户拍照)时执行其他一些代码.调试时,永远不会触发onEvent方法.

这是我服务中的onStart事件.Toast"我的服务开始......" 的火灾

public final String TAG = "DEBUG";
public static FileObserver observer;    

@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid) {       
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");

        final String pathToWatch = android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/DCIM/Camera/";       
        Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started and trying to watch " + pathToWatch, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        observer = new FileObserver(pathToWatch) { // set up a file observer to watch this directory on sd card
            @Override
            public void onEvent(int event, String file) {
                //if(event == FileObserver.CREATE && !file.equals(".probe")){ // check if its a "create" and not equal to .probe because thats created every time camera is launched
                    Log.d(TAG, "File created [" + pathToWatch + file + "]");

                    Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), file + " was saved!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);                  
                //}
            }
        };
    }

但是在Toast之后,如果我拍照,onEvent永远不会发射.这是通过调试确定的.它永远不会击中那个断点而且Toast永远不会发射.

浏览该目录时,新图像将保存在那里.

你怎么在一个FileObserver工作Service？

Answer 1

请看到这个帖子.observer.startWatching()设置观察者后,我认为你错过了这个电话.

 observer = new FileObserver(pathToWatch) { // set up a file observer to watch this directory on sd card

     @Override
     public void onEvent(int event, String file) {
         //if(event == FileObserver.CREATE && !file.equals(".probe")){ // check if its a "create" and not equal to .probe because thats created every time camera is launched
         Log.d(TAG, "File created [" + pathToWatch + file + "]");

         Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), file + " was saved!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
         //}
     }
 };
 observer.startWatching(); //START OBSERVING 

Answer 2

添加.show()之后toast,即

Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), file + " was saved!", toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                  

Answer 3

这是创建在目录中侦听新文件的服务的完整代码。

首先，您需要创建监听目录中新文件条目的服务。（例如相机）

MediaListenerService.java


import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.FileObserver;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.File;

    public class MediaListenerService extends Service {

        public static FileObserver observer;

        public MediaListenerService() {
        }

        @Override
        public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void onCreate() {
            super.onCreate();
            startWatching();
        }

        private void startWatching() {

        //The desired path to watch or monitor
        //E.g Camera folder
            final String pathToWatch = android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/DCIM/Camera/";
            Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started and trying to watch " + pathToWatch, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            observer = new FileObserver(pathToWatch, FileObserver.ALL_EVENTS) { // set up a file observer to watch this directory
                @Override
                public void onEvent(int event, final String file) {
                    if (event == FileObserver.CREATE || event == FileObserver.CLOSE_WRITE || event == FileObserver.MODIFY || event == FileObserver.MOVED_TO && !file.equals(".probe")) { // check that it's not equal to .probe because thats created every time camera is launched
                        Log.d("MediaListenerService", "File created [" + pathToWatch + file + "]");

                        new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), file + " was saved!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();


                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            };
            observer.startWatching();
        }
    }

下一步，你需要在 AndroidManifest.xml 标签里面声明服务

<service
    android:name=".service.MediaListenerService"
    android:enabled="true"
    android:exported="false" >
</service>

并且不要忘记添加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

如果您正在为 Android 6 或更高版本编写代码，则还需要按照以下说明动态请求权限：https : //developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting

现在从您的活动启动服务。

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    startService(new Intent(getBaseContext(), MediaListenerService.class));
}

如果您想让您的服务在启动时启动，只需创建一个接收 android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED 的接收器，然后从中启动服务。

希望这可以帮助。

Answer 4

另一件事FileObserver不观察子目录。如果您也想观察子目录，请查看这篇文章。

一个开源的RecursiveFileObserver充当高级FileObserver，它对您选择的目录下的所有目录进行递归

package com.owncloud.android.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Stack;

import android.os.FileObserver;

public class RecursiveFileObserver extends FileObserver {

    public static int CHANGES_ONLY = CLOSE_WRITE | MOVE_SELF | MOVED_FROM;

    List<SingleFileObserver> mObservers;
    String mPath;
    int mMask;

    public RecursiveFileObserver(String path) {
        this(path, ALL_EVENTS);
    }

    public RecursiveFileObserver(String path, int mask) {
        super(path, mask);
        mPath = path;
        mMask = mask;
    }

    @Override
    public void startWatching() {
        if (mObservers != null) return;
        mObservers = new ArrayList<SingleFileObserver>();
        Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>();
        stack.push(mPath);

        while (!stack.empty()) {
            String parent = stack.pop();
            mObservers.add(new SingleFileObserver(parent, mMask));
            File path = new File(parent);
            File[] files = path.listFiles();
            if (files == null) continue;
            for (int i = 0; i < files.length; ++i) {
                if (files[i].isDirectory() && !files[i].getName().equals(".")
                    && !files[i].getName().equals("..")) {
                    stack.push(files[i].getPath());
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < mObservers.size(); i++)
            mObservers.get(i).startWatching();
    }

    @Override
    public void stopWatching() {
        if (mObservers == null) return;

        for (int i = 0; i < mObservers.size(); ++i)
            mObservers.get(i).stopWatching();

        mObservers.clear();
        mObservers = null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onEvent(int event, String path) {

    }

    private class SingleFileObserver extends FileObserver {
        private String mPath;

        public SingleFileObserver(String path, int mask) {
            super(path, mask);
            mPath = path;
        }

        @Override
        public void onEvent(int event, String path) {
            String newPath = mPath + "/" + path;
            RecursiveFileObserver.this.onEvent(event, newPath);
        } 

    }
}

GitHub 上的源代码