我在 Microsoft Learn 上完成了“使用 .NET MAUI 构建移动和桌面应用程序”路径。现在我有一个简单的工作 MAUI 应用程序,我正在尝试使用CommunityToolkit.MVVM.
该课程有一个名为的点击事件,OnCall如下所示
private async void OnCall(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var confirmCall = DisplayAlert(
"Dial a Number",
$"Would you like to call {translatedNumber}?",
"Yes",
"No"
);
if (await confirmCall)
{
try
{
PhoneDialer.Open(translatedNumber);
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone number was not valid.", "OK");
}
catch (FeatureNotSupportedException)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing not supported.", "OK");
}
catch (Exception)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing failed.", "OK");
}
}
}
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所以我将其移至我的 ViewModel 并使其成为一个命令,如下所示
[ICommand]
public async void OnCall ()
{
var confirmCall = DisplayAlert(
"Dial a Number",
$"Would you like to call {translatedNumber}?",
"Yes",
"No"
);
if (await confirmCall)
{
try
{
PhoneDialer.Open(translatedNumber);
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone number was not valid.", "OK");
}
catch (FeatureNotSupportedException)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing not supported.", "OK");
}
catch (Exception)
{
await DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing failed.", "OK");
}
}
}
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我的问题是如何DisplayAlert从 ViewModel 中的命令进行调用。
Too*_*eve 35
虽然阿达什的回答显示了重要的呼吁,但直接引用该 UI 方法意味着您的视图模型“知道”该 UI 方法。这工作得很好(如果代码位于主(调度程序)线程上;如果不是,您将得到“错误线程”异常),但如果您稍后想要添加“单元测试”,则会干扰可测试性。保持视图模型独立于 UI 代码也被认为是很好的做法。
interface通过访问已注册的服务可以避免这种情况。
我对杰拉尔德的答案使用了以下变体。
MauiProgram.cs:
...
public static MauiApp CreateMauiApp()
{
...
builder.Services.AddSingleton<IAlertService, AlertService>();
...
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App.xaml.cs(跨平台的,其中设置了 MainPage):
...
public static IServiceProvider Services;
public static IAlertService AlertSvc;
public App(IServiceProvider provider)
{
InitializeComponent();
Services = provider;
AlertSvc = Services.GetService<IAlertService>();
MainPage = ...
}
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其他文件中接口和类的声明:
public interface IAlertService
{
// ----- async calls (use with "await" - MUST BE ON DISPATCHER THREAD) -----
Task ShowAlertAsync(string title, string message, string cancel = "OK");
Task<bool> ShowConfirmationAsync(string title, string message, string accept = "Yes", string cancel = "No");
// ----- "Fire and forget" calls -----
void ShowAlert(string title, string message, string cancel = "OK");
/// <param name="callback">Action to perform afterwards.</param>
void ShowConfirmation(string title, string message, Action<bool> callback,
string accept = "Yes", string cancel = "No");
}
internal class AlertService : IAlertService
{
// ----- async calls (use with "await" - MUST BE ON DISPATCHER THREAD) -----
public Task ShowAlertAsync(string title, string message, string cancel = "OK")
{
return Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert(title, message, cancel);
}
public Task<bool> ShowConfirmationAsync(string title, string message, string accept = "Yes", string cancel = "No")
{
return Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert(title, message, accept, cancel);
}
// ----- "Fire and forget" calls -----
/// <summary>
/// "Fire and forget". Method returns BEFORE showing alert.
/// </summary>
public void ShowAlert(string title, string message, string cancel = "OK")
{
Application.Current.MainPage.Dispatcher.Dispatch(async () =>
await ShowAlertAsync(title, message, cancel)
);
}
/// <summary>
/// "Fire and forget". Method returns BEFORE showing alert.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="callback">Action to perform afterwards.</param>
public void ShowConfirmation(string title, string message, Action<bool> callback,
string accept="Yes", string cancel = "No")
{
Application.Current.MainPage.Dispatcher.Dispatch(async () =>
{
bool answer = await ShowConfirmationAsync(title, message, accept, cancel);
callback(answer);
});
}
}
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这是测试,表明可以从任何地方调用“即发即忘”方法:
Task.Run(async () =>
{
await Task.Delay(2000);
App.AlertSvc.ShowConfirmation("Title", "Confirmation message.", (result =>
{
App.AlertSvc.ShowAlert("Result", $"{result}");
}));
});
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注意:如果您使用“...Async”方法,但不在窗口的调度程序线程(主线程)上,则在运行时您将收到错误的线程异常。
图片来源:Gerald 对另一个问题的回答展示了如何获取毛伊岛的 IServiceProvider。
Ger*_*uis 17
有多种方法可以做到这一点。最简单的一个是这样的:
if (await confirmCall)
{
try
{
PhoneDialer.Open(translatedNumber);
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone number was not valid.", "OK");
}
catch (FeatureNotSupportedException)
{
await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing not supported.", "OK");
}
catch (Exception)
{
await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert("Unable to dial", "Phone dialing failed.", "OK");
}
}
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它的作用是遍历该Application对象来查找当前页面并调用DisplayAlert该页面。
为了使其更易于维护(并且可能对依赖注入友好),您可以将其包装在服务中,例如像这样简单:
public class DialogService : IDialogService
{
public async Task<string> DisplayActionSheet(string title, string cancel, string destruction, params string[] buttons)
{
return await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayActionSheet(title, cancel, destruction, buttons);
}
public async Task<bool> DisplayConfirm(string title, string message, string accept, string cancel)
{
return await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert(title, message, accept, cancel);
}
}
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现在您可以创建该服务的一个实例,如果在某个时候您想以另一种方式显示对话框,您可以在此处交换实现。
如果您决定也添加接口并将其注册到依赖项注入容器中,您还可以让服务被注入并更容易地交换实现,或者取决于其他潜在的变量。
第三个选项是查看像ACR.UserDialogs这样的插件(从版本 8 开始支持 .NET MAUI)。基本上,它的作用是创建自己的实现,在当前可见的页面上显示一个对话框,并为您提供开箱即用的服务,以便在 MVVM 场景中使用。
小智 12
这是你要找的吗?
bool x = await Application.Current.MainPage.DisplayAlert("Tittle","Hello","OK","NotOK");
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