Python 错误：无法为 cx_Oracle 构建轮子，这是安装基于 pyproject.toml 的项目所必需的

Question

我正在尝试安装 cx_Oracle，但收到此错误，\n我安装了最新的 setuptools 和 pip。\n有人遇到过类似的问题吗？他们是如何解决的？

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我有 Visual Studio：请参见图片

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Processing c:\\....resources\\cx_oracle-8.1.0.tar.gz\n  Installing build dependencies ... done\n  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done\n  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done\nBuilding wheels for collected packages: cx_Oracle\n  Building wheel for cx_Oracle (pyproject.toml) ... error\n  error: subprocess-exited-with-error\n\n  \xc3\x97 Building wheel for cx_Oracle (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.\n  \xc2\xa6 exit code: 1\n  ?-> [7 lines of output]\n      C:\\....\\2\\pip-build-env-806_5jc6\\overlay\\Lib\\site-packages\\setuptools\\config\\expand.py:144: UserWarning: File \'C:\\\\....\\\\2\\\\pip-install-r8jb3ohi\\\\cx-oracle_111cfa7e3d91425bb65e9a6baa89c82f\\\\README.md\' cannot be found\n        warnings.warn(f"File {path!r} cannot be found")\n      running bdist_wheel\n      running build\n      running build_ext\n      building \'cx_Oracle\' extension\n      error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/\n      [end of output]\n\n  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.\n  ERROR: Failed building wheel for cx_Oracle\nFailed to build cx_Oracle\nERROR: Could not build wheels for cx_Oracle, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects\n

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Answer 1

您显示的图像具有可再发行组件，而不是 Visual Studio 本身！如果您想自己构建，则需要按照提供的链接安装 Microsoft 构建工具。

但是，如果您使用 pip，您应该能够下载并安装预构建的二进制文件 - 这要容易得多！使用的命令是：

python -m pip install cx_Oracle

编辑：cx_Oracle 已被 python-oracledb 取代。通过以下命令安装：

python -m pip install oracledb