使用ActiveRecord连接到SQL Server

Question

您是否曾经使用ActiveRecord连接到SQL Server？这可能吗？任何人都可以提供一些起点吗？

Answer 1

这是我用过的:

从这里:http: //github.com/rails-sqlserver/2000-2005-adapter/tree/master

安装

首先,您需要Ruby DBI和Ruby ODBC.据我所知,不再支持ADO DBD for DBI.下面的安装不是全面了解如何安装和/或配置FreeTDS等所有必需的移动部件.它还将假定依赖库和适配器本身的gem安装.

应该注意的是,这个版本的适配器是使用古老的0.0.23版DBI开发的,直到0.4.0的当前稳定版本.因为更高版本的DBI将会改变很多东西,所以我们强烈建议您将安装最大化到版本0.4.0,以下示例显示.目前我们不支持高于0.4.0的DBI版本.好消息是,如果你使用一个非常旧的DBI与ADO,从技术上讲,这个适配器仍然可以为你工作,但要警告你的路径变老,可能不会长期支持.

$ gem install dbi --version 0.4.0
$ gem install dbd-odbc --version 0.2.4
$ gem install rails-sqlserver-2000-2005-adapter -s http://gems.github.com

从这里:http://lambie.org/2008/02/28/connecting-to-an-mssql-database-from-ruby-on-ubuntu/

首先,更新〜/ .profile以包含以下内容:

export ODBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini
export ODBCSYSINI=/etc
export FREETDSCONF=/etc/freetds/freetds.conf

然后重新加载.profile,再次注销.

其次,在Ubuntu 7.10服务器上我需要安装一些软件包.

mlambie@ubuntu:~$ sudo aptitude install unixodbc unixodbc-dev freetds-dev sqsh tdsodbc 

安装FreeTDS后,我可以这样配置:

mlambie@ubuntu:/etc/freetds$ cat freetds.conf
[ACUMENSERVER]
  host = 192.168.0.10
  port = 1433
  tds version = 7.0

这里重要的是ACUMENSERVER,它是我在连接数据库时使用的DSN.主机和端口是不言自明的,值得注意的是我必须特别使用7.0作为tds版本.

测试FreeTDS并不太难:

mlambie@ubuntu:~$ sqsh -S ACUMENSERVER -U username -P password
sqsh: Symbol `_XmStrings' has different size in shared object, consider re-linking
sqsh-2.1 Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Scott C. Gray
This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
For more information type '\warranty'
1> use acumen
2> go
1> select top 1 firstname, lastname from tblClients
2> go

[record returned]

(1 row affected)
1> quit

接下来需要配置ODBC:

mlambie@ubuntu:/etc$ cat odbcinst.ini
[FreeTDS]
Description     = TDS driver (Sybase/MS SQL)
Driver          = /usr/lib/odbc/libtdsodbc.so
Setup           = /usr/lib/odbc/libtdsS.so
CPTimeout       =
CPReuse         =
FileUsage       = 1

mlambie@ubuntu:/etc$ cat odbc.ini
[ACUMENSERVER]
Driver          = FreeTDS
Description     = ODBC connection via FreeTDS
Trace           = No
Servername      = ACUMENSERVER
Database        = ACUMEN

然后我测试了与isql的连接:

mlambie@ubuntu:~$ isql -v ACUMENSERVER username password
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected!                            |
|                                       |
| sql-statement                         |
| help [tablename]                      |
| quit                                  |
|                                       |
+---------------------------------------+
SQL> use ACUMEN
[][unixODBC][FreeTDS][SQL Server]Changed database context to 'Acumen'.
[ISQL]INFO: SQLExecute returned SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO
SQLRowCount returns -1
SQL> select top 1 firstname from tblClients;

[record returned]

SQLRowCount returns 1
1 rows fetched
SQL> quit

好的,所以我们使用FreeTDS连接到远程MSSQL服务器的ODBC.剩下的就是将Ruby添加到组合中.

mlambie@ubuntu:~$ sudo aptitude install libdbd-odbc-ruby

最后要测试的是Ruby可以使用DBI和ODBC来访问实际的数据库,这很容易测试:

mlambie@ubuntu:~$ irb
irb(main):001:0> require "dbi" 
=> true
irb(main):002:0> dbh = DBI.connect('dbi:ODBC:ACUMENSERVER', 'username', 'password')
=> #<DBI::DatabaseHandle:0xb7ac57f8 @handle=#<DBI::DBD::ODBC::Database:0xb7ac5744
@handle=#<odbc::database:0xb7ac576c>, @attr={}>, @trace_output=#</odbc::database:0xb7ac576c><io:0xb7cbff54>,
@trace_mode=2>
irb(main):003:0> quit

还有一个更完整的测试(只有SQL SELECT,请注意):

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'dbi'
db = DBI.connect('dbi:ODBC:ACUMENSERVER', 'username', 'password')
select = db.prepare('SELECT TOP 10 firstname FROM tblClients')
select.execute
while rec = select.fetch do
  puts rec.to_s
end
db.disconnect
</io:0xb7cbff54>

从这里(修复odbc lib在错误的地方):http: //ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php？t = 43345&page = 2

libtdsodbc.so
with freeTDS (freetds-dev, tdsodbc), you can either edit the path in the odbcinst.ini file for the [FreeTDS] driver section OR cp the /usr/lib/odbc/libtdsodbc.so into /usr/lib/libtdsodbc.so.

从提示符访问mssql时,两种方式都有效

isql -v $dsn $user $passwd

我发现这很有用

http://www.unixodbc.org/doc/FreeTDS.html#Configuration

然后在database.yml文件中:

development:
  adapter: sqlserver
  mode: odbc
  dsn: dsn_name
  username: my_username
  password: my_password