我是Android开发新手,我想在安装后首先根据应用程序设置一些应用程序的属性.有没有办法找到应用程序第一次运行,然后设置其第一个运行属性?
Squ*_*onk 236
以下是SharedPreferences
用于实现"首次运行"检查的示例.
public class MyActivity extends Activity {
SharedPreferences prefs = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// Perhaps set content view here
prefs = getSharedPreferences("com.mycompany.myAppName", MODE_PRIVATE);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if (prefs.getBoolean("firstrun", true)) {
// Do first run stuff here then set 'firstrun' as false
// using the following line to edit/commit prefs
prefs.edit().putBoolean("firstrun", false).commit();
}
}
}
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当代码运行时,prefs.getBoolean(...)
如果没有使用键"firstrun" boolean
保存,SharedPreferences
则表示应用程序从未运行过(因为没有任何东西保存过该键的布尔值,或者用户已清除应用程序数据以强制"第一次运行"场景.如果这不是第一次运行,那么该行将prefs.edit().putBoolean("firstrun", false).commit();
被执行,因此prefs.getBoolean("firstrun", true)
它将实际返回false,因为它会覆盖作为第二个参数提供的默认值true.
Sur*_*gch 113
接受的答案不区分第一次运行和后续升级.只需在共享首选项中设置布尔值,只会告诉您它是否是首次安装应用程序后的第一次运行.稍后如果您想升级您的应用并在第一次升级时进行一些更改,您将无法再使用该布尔值,因为共享首选项会在升级过程中保存.
此方法使用共享首选项来保存版本代码而不是布尔值.
import com.yourpackage.BuildConfig;
...
private void checkFirstRun() {
final String PREFS_NAME = "MyPrefsFile";
final String PREF_VERSION_CODE_KEY = "version_code";
final int DOESNT_EXIST = -1;
// Get current version code
int currentVersionCode = BuildConfig.VERSION_CODE;
// Get saved version code
SharedPreferences prefs = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
int savedVersionCode = prefs.getInt(PREF_VERSION_CODE_KEY, DOESNT_EXIST);
// Check for first run or upgrade
if (currentVersionCode == savedVersionCode) {
// This is just a normal run
return;
} else if (savedVersionCode == DOESNT_EXIST) {
// TODO This is a new install (or the user cleared the shared preferences)
} else if (currentVersionCode > savedVersionCode) {
// TODO This is an upgrade
}
// Update the shared preferences with the current version code
prefs.edit().putInt(PREF_VERSION_CODE_KEY, currentVersionCode).apply();
}
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您可能会onCreate
在主活动中调用此方法,以便每次应用启动时都会检查此方法.
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
checkFirstRun();
}
private void checkFirstRun() {
// ...
}
}
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如果需要,您可以调整代码以执行特定操作,具体取决于用户以前安装的版本.
想法来自这个答案.这些也有帮助:
如果您在获取版本代码时遇到问题,请参阅以下问答:
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.content.Context;
public class Util {
// ===========================================================
//
// ===========================================================
private static final String INSTALLATION = "INSTALLATION";
public synchronized static boolean isFirstLaunch(Context context) {
String sID = null;
boolean launchFlag = false;
if (sID == null) {
File installation = new File(context.getFilesDir(), INSTALLATION);
try {
if (!installation.exists()) {
launchFlag = true;
writeInstallationFile(installation);
}
sID = readInstallationFile(installation);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
return launchFlag;
}
private static String readInstallationFile(File installation) throws IOException {
RandomAccessFile f = new RandomAccessFile(installation, "r");// read only mode
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) f.length()];
f.readFully(bytes);
f.close();
return new String(bytes);
}
private static void writeInstallationFile(File installation) throws IOException {
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(installation);
String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
out.write(id.getBytes());
out.close();
}
}
> Usage (in class extending android.app.Activity)
Util.isFirstLaunch(this);
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