.NET中从1,10和2开始排序字符串并遵守数字排序的最短路径是什么？

Question

我需要按如下方式对文件名进行排序:1.log,2.log,10.log

但是当我使用OrderBy(fn => fn)时,它会将它们排序为:1.log,10.log,2.log

我显然知道这可以通过编写另一个比较器来完成,但有没有更简单的方法从词典顺序转换为自然排序顺序？

编辑:目标是获得与在Windows资源管理器中选择"按名称排序"时相同的顺序.

Answer 1

您可以使用Win32 CompareStringEx功能.在Windows 7上,它支持您需要的排序.你将使用P/Invoke:

static readonly Int32 NORM_IGNORECASE = 0x00000001;
static readonly Int32 NORM_IGNORENONSPACE = 0x00000002;
static readonly Int32 NORM_IGNORESYMBOLS = 0x00000004;
static readonly Int32 LINGUISTIC_IGNORECASE = 0x00000010;
static readonly Int32 LINGUISTIC_IGNOREDIACRITIC = 0x00000020;
static readonly Int32 NORM_IGNOREKANATYPE = 0x00010000;
static readonly Int32 NORM_IGNOREWIDTH = 0x00020000;
static readonly Int32 NORM_LINGUISTIC_CASING = 0x08000000;
static readonly Int32 SORT_STRINGSORT = 0x00001000;
static readonly Int32 SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS = 0x00000008; 

static readonly String LOCALE_NAME_USER_DEFAULT = null;
static readonly String LOCALE_NAME_INVARIANT = String.Empty;
static readonly String LOCALE_NAME_SYSTEM_DEFAULT = "!sys-default-locale";

[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern Int32 CompareStringEx(
  String localeName,
  Int32 flags,
  String str1,
  Int32 count1,
  String str2,
  Int32 count2,
  IntPtr versionInformation,
  IntPtr reserved,
  Int32 param
);

然后IComparer,您可以创建一个使用该SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS标志:

class LexicographicalComparer : IComparer<String> {

  readonly String locale;

  public LexicographicalComparer() : this(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture) { }

  public LexicographicalComparer(CultureInfo cultureInfo) {
    if (cultureInfo.IsNeutralCulture)
      this.locale = LOCALE_NAME_INVARIANT;
    else
      this.locale = cultureInfo.Name;
  }

  public Int32 Compare(String x, String y) {
    // CompareStringEx return 1, 2, or 3. Subtract 2 to get the return value.
    return CompareStringEx( 
      this.locale, 
      SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS, // Add other flags if required.
      x, 
      x.Length, 
      y, 
      y.Length, 
      IntPtr.Zero, 
      IntPtr.Zero, 
      0) - 2; 
  }

}

然后,您可以使用IComparer各种排序API:

var names = new [] { "2.log", "10.log", "1.log" };
var sortedNames = names.OrderBy(s => s, new LexicographicalComparer());

您还可以使用StrCmpLogicalW,这是Windows资源管理器使用的功能.它自Windows XP以来一直可用:

[DllImport("shlwapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern Int32 StrCmpLogical(String x, String y);

class LexicographicalComparer : IComparer<String> {

  public Int32 Compare(String x, String y) {
    return StrCmpLogical(x, y);
  }

}

更简单,但您对比较的控制较少.