jq 带单引号的 bash 脚本

Question

我尝试使用 bash 运行以下脚本：

#!/bin/bash

myvar="data1"
data='[
  {
    "resource_name": "data1.something",
    "resource_type": "Topic"
  },
  {
    "resource_name": "data2.something",
    "resource_type": "Topic"
  }
]'
query=$(echo ".[] | select((.resource_type==\"Topic\") and (.resource_name | startswith(\"${myvar}\") | not))")
echo ${data} | jq ${query}

它不起作用，因为行：

echo ${data} | jq ${query}

但如果我在 zsh 中运行相同的脚本，它就会起作用。并给我以下错误：

jq: error: Could not open file |: No such file or directory

jq: error: Could not open file select((.resource_type=="Topic"): No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file and: No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file (.resource_name: No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file |: No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file startswith("data1"): No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file |: No such file or directory
jq: error: Could not open file not)): No such file or directory

我无法理解这里到底是什么问题，我只能认为在与 bash 一起使用时我需要以某种方式添加单引号。

例如，如果我使用单引号：

echo ${data} | jq \'${query}\'

它给出了一个错误：

jq: error: syntax error, unexpected INVALID_CHARACTER, expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 1:

'.[] jq: 1 编译错误

Answer 1

使用--arg将内容作为变量导入的选项优于将 shell 变量注入到实际的过滤器代码中。这也使您免于处理单引号或双引号。

#!/bin/bash

myvar="data1"
data='[
  {
    "resource_name": "data1.something",
    "resource_type": "Topic"
  },
  {
    "resource_name": "data2.something",
    "resource_type": "Topic"
  }
]'
query='.[] | select((.resource_type==$type) and (.resource_name | startswith($var) | not))'
echo "${data}" | jq --arg type "Topic" --arg var "${myvar}" "${query}"

{
  "resource_name": "data2.something",
  "resource_type": "Topic"
}

演示