如何在 selenium-docker 项目中的 Headless Chrome >= 96 中启用 WebGL，以便在没有 XVFB 的情况下在 docker 容器内运行 Chrome

Question

我正在使用 selenium-docker 项目在 docker 容器内运行 chrome，无需XVFB( START_XVFB=false)。

我想使用 webgl 支持。对于 chrome v95 及更低版本 ( https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium/releases/tag/4.1.0-prerelease-20211105 )，启用了 webgl (使用https://get.webgl.org/检查) 。

但是，当使用 chrome v96 或更高版本时，它不起作用（https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium/releases/tag/4.1.2-20220131）。我可以看到gpu 进程有--use-gl=disabled参数，这在 chrome v95 中不会发生。

seluser@6e0bab2896f2:/$ ps aux|grep chrome
seluser      136  0.0  0.0 16875056 16500 ?      Sl   22:36   0:00 /opt/selenium/chromedriver-97.0.4692.71 --port=48167
seluser      153  0.7  0.0 17181620 99736 ?      Sl   22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --no-sandbox --allow-pre-commit-input --disable-background-networking --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --enable-automation --enable-blink-features=ShadowDOMV0 --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --no-first-run --no-service-autorun --password-store=basic --remote-debugging-port=0 --test-type=webdriver --use-mock-keychain --user-data-dir=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.RBwolw data:,
seluser      160  0.0  0.0 17022544 54552 ?      S    22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=zygote --no-zygote-sandbox --no-sandbox --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --headless --enable-crash-reporter
seluser      161  0.0  0.0 17022544 54628 ?      S    22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=zygote --no-sandbox --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --headless --enable-crash-reporter
seluser      177  0.2  0.0 17088440 81444 ?      Sl   22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=utility --utility-sub-type=network.mojom.NetworkService --field-trial-handle=10249259231085024426,2441013785441743208,131072 --disable-features=PaintHolding --lang=en-US --service-sandbox-type=none --no-sandbox --enable-logging --log-level=0 --use-angle=swiftshader-webgl --use-gl=angle --headless --enable-crash-reporter --enable-logging --log-level=0 --shared-files=v8_context_snapshot_data:100
seluser      206  0.0  0.0 17064708 47756 ?      Sl   22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=gpu-process --field-trial-handle=10249259231085024426,2441013785441743208,131072 --disable-features=PaintHolding --no-sandbox --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --ozone-platform=headless --use-angle=swiftshader-webgl --headless --enable-crash-reporter --gpu-preferences=UAAAAAAAAAAgAAAYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAAAAAAAAGAAAAAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAAACAAAAAAAAAA= --use-gl=disabled --override-use-software-gl-for-headless --enable-logging --log-level=0 --shared-files
seluser      240  0.4  0.0 25521252 86756 ?      Sl   22:36   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --headless --enable-crash-reporter --lang=en-US --no-sandbox --enable-automation --enable-logging --log-level=0 --remote-debugging-port=0 --test-type=webdriver --allow-pre-commit-input --ozone-platform=headless --field-trial-handle=10249259231085024426,2441013785441743208,131072 --disable-features=PaintHolding --disable-gpu-compositing --enable-blink-features=ShadowDOMV0 --lang=en-US --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --renderer-client-id=7 --launch-time-ticks=2093974944 --shared-files=v8_context_snapshot_data:100
seluser      265  0.0  0.0   9040   720 pts/0    S+   22:36   0:00 grep --color=auto chrome

我尝试过将参数传递给 chrome 但它们不起作用。我相信 selenium 图像与此行为无关，这是 chrome v96 中发生的变化。

启用XVFB对我来说不是一个选择，性能不一样。

如何避免这个--use-gl=disabled参数被传递给 chrome gpu 进程？

这是chrome 94的ps输出，这里选择了swiftshader：

seluser     35  0.0  3.6 5418392 146164 ?      Sl   Feb16   2:40 java -Dselenium.LOGGER.level=WARNING -cp /opt/selenium/*:. org.openqa.grid.selenium.GridLauncherV3 -role node -hub http://selenium-hub:4444/grid/register -remoteHost http://chrome-node:5555 -nodeConfig /opt/selenium/config.json
seluser    353  0.3  0.3 16874900 15128 ?      Sl   08:45   0:00 /opt/selenium/chromedriver-94.0.4606.61 --port=13828
seluser    363  1.2  2.3 17163152 96028 ?      Sl   08:45   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --no-sandbox --allow-pre-commit-input --autoplay-policy=no-user-gesture-required --blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false --disable-background-network
ing --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-default-apps --disable-extensio
ns --disable-features=TranslateUI --disable-hang-monitor --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-notifications --disable-permissions-api --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-s
ync --disable-translate --enable-blink-features=ShadowDOMV0 --enable-logging --force-color-profile=srgb --headless --hide-scrollbars --ignore-certificate-errors --log-level=0 --metrics-recording-only --mute-audio --no-first-run --no-serv
ice-autorun --password-store=basic --remote-debugging-port=0 --safebrowsing-disable-auto-update --test-type=webdriver --use-mock-keychain --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36 --user-data-dir=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.H8QetU --window-size=1280,1280 data:,
seluser    371  0.2  1.3 17020192 54600 ?      S    08:45   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=zygote --no-zygote-sandbox --no-sandbox --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --headless --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36
seluser    372  0.2  1.3 17020192 54700 ?      S    08:45   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=zygote --no-sandbox --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --headless --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36
seluser    387 11.6  2.9 17134132 119824 ?     Sl   08:45   0:01 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=gpu-process --field-trial-handle=5673360104449051270,16628090171661640812,131072 --disable-features=PaintHolding,TranslateUI --no-sandbox -
-disable-breakpad --enable-logging --headless --log-level=0 --ozone-platform=headless --headless --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36 --gpu-prefer
ences=UAAAAAAAAAAgAAAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAAAAAAAAGAAAAAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAAACAAAAAAAAAA= --use-gl=swiftshader-webgl --override-use-software-gl-for-headless --enable-logging --log-level=0 --shared-files
seluser    388  0.3  1.9 17086024 79308 ?      Sl   08:45   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=utility --utility-sub-type=network.mojom.NetworkService --field-trial-handle=5673360104449051270,16628090171661640812,131072 --disable-feat
ures=PaintHolding,TranslateUI --lang=en-US --service-sandbox-type=none --no-sandbox --enable-logging --ignore-certificate-errors --log-level=0 --use-gl=swiftshader-webgl --mute-audio --ignore-certificate-errors --headless --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36 --enable-logging --log-level=0 --shared-files=v8_context_snapshot_data:100
seluser    418  8.3  2.3 25521800 93096 ?      Sl   08:45   0:00 /opt/google/chrome/chrome --type=renderer --headless --user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safar
i/537.36 --lang=en-US --no-sandbox --autoplay-policy=no-user-gesture-required --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-notifications --disable-permissions-api --enable-logging --force-color-profile=srgb --log-le
vel=0 --remote-debugging-port=0 --test-type=webdriver --allow-pre-commit-input --blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false --ozone-platform=headless --field-trial-handle=5673360104449051270,16628090171661640812,131072 --disable-features=PaintHolding,TranslateUI --disable-gpu-compositing --enable-blink-features=ShadowDOMV0 --lang=en-US --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --renderer-client-id=5 --shared-files=v8_context_snapshot_data:100

Answer 1

它可以在 chrome 104 上开箱即用，不需要任何 --use-gl 标志