在总共 39 个 gem 中找不到“minitest”（>= 5.1）（Gem::MissingSpecError）

Question

我正在尝试在我的 mac 操作系统上安装 Pod（操作系统版本很确定），并且我正在使用 Xcode 13.1

我正在尝试从终端使用以下命令安装 Pod：

sudo pod install

然后系统询问我密码，之后我可以在终端行中看到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
    16: from /usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1/libexec/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
    15: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:285:in `activate_bin_path'
    14: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:285:in `synchronize'
    13: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:286:in `block in activate_bin_path'
    12: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
    11: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
    10: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     9: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1406:in `block in activate_dependencies'
     8: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
     7: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
     6: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     5: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1406:in `block in activate_dependencies'
     4: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
     3: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
     2: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     1: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1400:in `block in activate_dependencies'
/Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/dependency.rb:311:in `to_specs': Could not find 'minitest' (>= 5.1) among 39 total gem(s) (Gem::MissingSpecError)
Checked in 'GEM_PATH=/Users/michelecastriotta/.local/share/gem/ruby/2.6.0:/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0:/usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1/libexec' , execute `gem env` for more information
    16: from /usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1/libexec/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
    15: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:285:in `activate_bin_path'
    14: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:285:in `synchronize'
    13: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems.rb:286:in `block in activate_bin_path'
    12: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
    11: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
    10: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     9: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1406:in `block in activate_dependencies'
     8: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
     7: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
     6: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     5: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1406:in `block in activate_dependencies'
     4: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1370:in `activate'
     3: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `activate_dependencies'
     2: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1388:in `each'
     1: from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1399:in `block in activate_dependencies'
/Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1402:in `rescue in block in activate_dependencies': Could not find 'minitest' (>= 5.1) among 39 total gem(s) (Gem::MissingSpecError)
Checked in 'GEM_PATH=/Users/michelecastriotta/.local/share/gem/ruby/2.6.0:/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0:/usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1/libexec' at: /usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1/libexec/specifications/activesupport-6.1.4.1.gemspec, execute `gem env` for more information

如何在我的 mac 上安装 pod？

Answer 1

我遇到了类似的问题，默认情况下使用系统 ruby​​ 版本，我们需要绕过它，然后继续使用 cocoa pods。

使用自制程序安装 ruby

brew install ruby

默认情况下，gem 安装的二进制文件将放置在：/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/bin

您可能想将其添加到您的路径中。

ruby 仅是 keg，这意味着它没有符号链接到 /usr/local，因为 macOS 已经提供了该软件，并行安装另一个版本可能会导致各种麻烦。

如果您需要首先在 PATH 中运行 ruby​​（并替换user_name为您的用户名）：

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> /Users/user_name/.bash_profile

为了让编译器找到 ruby​​，您可能需要设置：

 export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
 export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"

按照说明设置 PATH。替换user_name为您的用户名

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> /Users/user_name/.bash_profile
echo 'export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"' >> ~/.bash_profile

source ~/.bash_profile

检查你的路径

ruby -v
ruby 3.1.1p18 (2022-02-18 revision 53f5fc4236) [x86_64-darwin20]
user@MacBook-Air ios % which ruby
/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin/ruby

就这样，ruby版本就全部设置好了，安装cocoa pods就可以了

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

Answer 2

只需尝试重新安装该错误消息中提到的丢失的 gem，minitest如下所示：

gem install minitest -v 5.1.0

这应该可以解决您当前的问题，但对于其他丢失的宝石，您可能会遇到更多错误。在这种情况下，请检查您的消息中是否有类似内容Could not find 'minitest' (>= 5.1)，然后尝试安装它们。

如果您被太多的丢失 gem 错误搞得不知所措，请尝试卸载 cocopods，然后重新安装。