如何处理 TensorFlow 中的错误“证书验证失败：证书已过期”？

Question

我刚刚开始按照本教程使用 CIFAR10 数据集在 Python 和 TensorFlow 中创建图像分类程序。到目前为止，这是我的代码：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, models
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
datasets.cifar10.load_data()

我收到错误如下：

  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1346, in do_open
    h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers,
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 1257, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 1303, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 1252, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 1012, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 952, in send
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\http\client.py", line 1426, in connect
    self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
    return self.sslsocket_class._create(
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1129) 

此错误是什么意思？我可以采取什么措施来修复它？我是 TensorFlow 的初学者，尚未找到此问题的确切解决方案。

Answer 1

最近使用 python 时遇到了类似的错误3.7，只是关闭了验证，如下所示：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, models
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import ssl

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

datasets.cifar10.load_data()

查看此问题以获取更多信息。您当然可以尝试为您的 Python 版本安装缺少的证书。我可以确认您的代码可以在 Google Colab 上运行。所以这肯定是由于缺少一些证书造成的。