使用 Python 3.10 运行单元需要安装 ipykernel

Question

我刚刚在我的笔记本电脑（Ubuntu 20.04）上安装了 Python 3.10。

在 VS Code 中运行 Jupyter Notebook 适用于 Python 3.9，但不适用于 Python 3.10。我收到错误消息：Running cells with 'Python 3.10.0 64 bit' requires ipykernel installed or requires an update。

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2022 年 2 月更新

Jalil Nourmohammadi Khiarak 给出了更完整的答案，现在是新接受的答案。

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2022 年 1 月更新

这是一个愚蠢的错误，我解决了我的问题（参见接受的答案）。

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我尝试过的事情：

• 单击重新安装，运行：

/usr/bin/python3.10 /home/joris/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.python-2021.10.1365161279/pythonFiles/shell_exec.py /usr/bin/python3.10 -m pip install -U --force-reinstall ipykernel /tmp/tmp-12568krFMIDJVy4jp.log

• 正在运行pip3 install --upgrade ipykernel jupyter notebook pyzmq（从此线程）。

编辑

• 正如评论中所要求的，这是我单击“重新安装”按钮时的输出：

/usr/bin/python3.10 /home/joris/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.python-2021.10.1365161279/pythonFiles/shell_exec.py /usr/bin/python3.10 -m pip install -U --force-reinstall ipykernel /tmp/tmp-12568krFMIDJVy4jp.log

• 这是我的_vendor文件夹包含的内容：

/usr/bin/python3.10 /home/joris/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.python-2021.10.1365161279/pythonFiles/shell_exec.py /usr/bin/python3.10 -m pip install -U --force-reinstall ipykernel /tmp/tmp-10997AnLZP3B079oV.log
Executing command in shell >> /usr/bin/python3.10 -m pip install -U --force-reinstall ipykernel
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/runpy.py", line 196, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/runpy.py", line 86, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/__main__.py", line 19, in <module>
    sys.exit(_main())
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 73, in main
    command = create_command(cmd_name, isolated=("--isolated" in cmd_args))
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py", line 96, in create_command
    module = importlib.import_module(module_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 24, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.req_command import RequirementCommand
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 15, in <module>
    from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py", line 21, in <module>
    from pip._internal.index.collector import parse_links
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/index/collector.py", line 12, in <module>
    from pip._vendor import html5lib, requests
ImportError: cannot import name 'html5lib' from 'pip._vendor' (/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/joris/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.python-2021.10.1365161279/pythonFiles/shell_exec.py", line 26, in <module>
    subprocess.check_call(shell_args, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.10/subprocess.py", line 369, in check_call
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/usr/bin/python3.10', '-m', 'pip', 'install', '-U', '--force-reinstall', 'ipykernel']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

• 以下是重新安装 pip 并检查文件的输出_vendor：

joris@joris-N751JK:~$ ls /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/
__init__.py  __pycache__

Answer 1

我想为此添加一条评论：

你的解决方案是正确的，但当我在新的 Linux 上使用它时，它对我不起作用。我做了以下工作来解决这个问题。

可能人们在使用以下评论后：

python3.10 -m pip install ipykernel

将收到“distutils.util”错误。所以你应该先安装：

sudo apt-get install python3.10-distutils

然后，如果您再次尝试安装，您将收到另一个错误：

ImportError：无法从“pip._vendor”导入名称“html5lib”（/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/

要解决它，您应该使用：

  curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10

最后，最好运行：

 /bin/python3.10 ~/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.python-2022.0.1786462952/pythonFiles/shell_exec.py /bin/python3.10 -m pip install -U notebook /tmp/tmp-5290PWIe78U4HgLu.log

Answer 2

MacOS M1

python -m pip install jupyter notebook -U

使用这个并重新启动 VSCode就可以了。

如果您看到此错误也有效

Failed to start the Kernel. 

The 'python3912jvsc74a57bd0f40663dfee16db09be6af2ff2550db36bd5354ec153147c40353828514dedb99' kernel is not available. Please pick another suitable kernel instead, or install that kernel. 

View Jupyter log for further details.

几天前还运行得很好，但是现在解决了！