包含STL头文件的问题

Question

我在MFC(VS 2008)中创建了基于Dialog的应用程序.当我在Dlg.cpp中执行"#include"时,它显示以下错误.

VS 2008安装中是否缺少某些组件

c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xmemory(43) : 
error C2665: 'operator new' : none of the 5 overloads could convert all the argument types

1>        c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\new.h(85): could be 'void *operator new(size_t,const std::nothrow_t &) throw()'

1>        c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\new.h(93): or       'void *operator new(size_t,void *)'

1>        while trying to match the argument list '(const char [70], int)'

1>        c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xmemory(145) : see reference to function template instantiation '_Ty *std::_Allocate<char>(size_t,_Ty *)' being compiled

1>        with

1>        [
1>            _Ty=char
1>        ]

1>        c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xmemory(144) : while compiling class template member function 'char *std::allocator<_Ty>::allocate(std::allocator<_Ty>::size_type)'

1>        with
1>        [
1>            _Ty=char
1>        ]

1>        c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xstring(2216) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::allocator<_Ty>' being compiled

1>        with
1>        [
1>            _Ty=char
1>        ]

1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Users\Public\Documents\Proj\STL1\STL1\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
1>STL1 - 1 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

Answer 1

在您的MFC项目中包含的任何STL都应包含在DEBUG_NEW的定义之前.这在过去是一个问题(似乎不再是,因为我无法在VS 2010中重现它).

// myfile.cpp
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif

// This will cause the error
#include <vector>

而

// myfile.cpp
// will work OK
#include <vector>

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif

DEBUG_NEW是一个特定于Microsoft的扩展,有助于在应用程序的调试版本中查找内存泄漏.在某些情况下它可能非常有用.

它在afx.h中定义为:

void* AFX_CDECL operator new(size_t nSize, LPCSTR lpszFileName, int nLine);
#define DEBUG_NEW new(THIS_FILE, __LINE__)`

提供对已分配内存的跟踪以及检测到泄漏时,将为您提供分配所在的文件和行号.