ImportError：图像转换需要 SciPy。安装 SciPy

Question

我正在通过图像数据生成器使用迁移学习来提取医学图像的特征。我使用的是 2.8.0 版本的 Pillow，图像是单通道的，jpeg 格式。SciPy 版本 1.5.4 显示已安装在我的 IDE 上。代码如下：

import os, glob
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import nibabel as nib

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator, array_to_img, img_to_array, load_img
from tensorflow import keras
from keras.models import load_model
from keras import backend as K
from keras.applications.vgg16 import VGG16

import os
import cv2
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import scipy
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt


batch_size = 64
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        '/home/idu/Desktop/COV19D/train/', 
        target_size=(512, 512),
        batch_size=batch_size,
        classes = ['covid','non-covid'],
        class_mode='binary') 

迁移学习模型如下：

SIZE = 512
VGG_model = VGG16(include_top=False, weights=None, input_shape=(SIZE, SIZE, 1))
for layer in VGG_model.layers:
    layer.trainable = False 

feature_extractor=VGG_model.predict(train_generator)

它曾经抛出错误 __array__() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given?，但这通过将枕头版本降级到上面提到的版本来解决。然而现在，最后一个代码抛出了错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-120-b9bad68819ec>", line 1, in <module>
    feature_extractor=VGG_model.predict(train_generator)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras/engine/training.py", line 1681, in predict
    steps_per_execution=self._steps_per_execution)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 1348, in get_data_handler
    return DataHandler(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 1150, in __init__
    model=model)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 793, in __init__
    peek, x = self._peek_and_restore(x)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 850, in _peek_and_restore
    peek = next(x)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/iterator.py", line 104, in __next__
    return self.next(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/iterator.py", line 116, in next
    return self._get_batches_of_transformed_samples(index_array)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/iterator.py", line 238, in _get_batches_of_transformed_samples
    x = self.image_data_generator.apply_transform(x, params)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/image_data_generator.py", line 874, in apply_transform
    order=self.interpolation_order)

  File "/home/idu/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/affine_transformations.py", line 281, in apply_affine_transform
    raise ImportError('Image transformations require SciPy. '

ImportError: Image transformations require SciPy. Install SciPy.

我已经在 IDE 上安装并检查了 SciPy 版本，似乎没问题，版本“1.5.4”。我该如何修复这个错误？谢谢。

Answer 1

此问题通常是由于 TensorFlow 版本所致。我相信你当前的版本必须是2.6或类似的版本，如果你安装tensorflow==2.4这个问题就会解决。