如何在 Ubuntu 20.04 中安装 python3-dev？

Question

我尝试在 Ubuntu 20.04 中安装python3-dev，出现以下错误：

$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python3-dev : Depends: python3.8-dev (>= 3.8.2-1~) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

这表明我需要先安装python3.8-dev，所以我尝试安装该包，但失败并出现以下错误：

$ sudo apt-get install python3.8-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python3.8-dev : Depends: zlib1g-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我再次尝试安装软件包：zlib1g-dev，但也失败了：

$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

最后，包zlib1g已经安装，但似乎zlib1g-dev需要不同版本的zlib1g。不过ubuntu 20.04好像没有这个：

$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g=1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1

Reading state information... Done
E: Version '1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1' for 'zlib1g' was not found

此时我能做什么？

Answer 1

在安装这个之前，你必须是 root

sudo -i

然后

sudo apt-get install python3-dev