如何使C++编译器支持STL模板？

Question

我正在尝试使用hpctoolkit安装Spack。为了做到这一点，我执行了：

git clone https://github.com/spack/spack.git
cd spack/share/spack
source setup-env.sh 
spack fetch -D hpctoolkit
spack install hpctoolkit 

我无法执行最后一个命令，因为出现以下错误：

Error: ProcessError: Command exited with status 1:
    './bootstrap.sh' '--prefix=/home/hakim/spack/opt/spack/linux-ubuntu20.04-haswell/gcc-10.2.0/boost-1.76.0-oc2u6jxritfsbci4xkhr5lov3i4o4riq' '--with-toolset=gcc' '--with-libraries=serialization,atomic,log,exception,regex,math,random,program_options,wave,iostreams,chrono,system,test,graph,locale,timer,filesystem,date_time,thread' '--without-icu'

它建议我通过显示以下消息来查看构建日志：

See build log for details:
  /tmp/hakim/spack-stage/spack-stage-boost-1.76.0-oc2u6jxritfsbci4xkhr5lov3i4o4riq/spack-build-out.txt

之前的文件包含：

A C++11 capable compiler is required for building the B2 engine.
Toolset 'gcc' does not appear to support C++11.

> g++ -x c++ -std=c++11  check_cxx11.cpp
ERROR: Compiler 'gcc@9.3.0' does not support compiling C++ programs.

为了显示编译器，我使用了以下命令：

spack compiler list 

结果是：

==> Available compilers
-- clang ubuntu20.04-x86_64 -------------------------------------
clang@10.0.0  clang@7.0.1

-- gcc ubuntu20.04-x86_64 ---------------------------------------
gcc@9.3.0  gcc@7.5.0

为了摆脱版本“gcc@9.3.0”，我修改了compilers.yaml，它是一个单独的文件，用于存储有关可用编译器的信息。

就我而言，我做了：

cd ~/.spack/linux
emacs compilers.yaml & 

并发现（我只显示与 gcc 编译器相关的部分）：

compilers:
- compiler:
        spec: gcc@7.5.0
        paths:
          cc: /usr/bin/gcc-7
          cxx: null
          f77: /usr/bin/gfortran-7
          fc: /usr/bin/gfortran-7
        flags: {}
        operating_system: ubuntu20.04
        target: x86_64
        modules: []
        environment: {}
        extra_rpaths: []

- compiler:
    spec: gcc@9.3.0
    paths:
      cc: /usr/bin/gcc-9
      cxx: null
      f77: /usr/bin/gfortran-9
      fc: /usr/bin/gfortran-9
    flags: {}
    operating_system: ubuntu20.04
    target: x86_64
    modules: []
    environment: {}
    extra_rpaths: []

为了摆脱 gcc@9.3.0，我只是删除了它的部分。我现在验证编译器列表，我应该找到：

-- clang ubuntu20.04-x86_64 -------------------------------------
clang@10.0.0  clang@7.0.1

-- gcc ubuntu20.04-x86_64 ---------------------------------------
gcc@7.5.0

现在，当我执行命令时：

spack install hpctoolkit 

错误是不同的。我得到：

=> Error: CompilerAccessError: Compiler 'gcc@7.5.0' has executables that are missing or are not executable: ['/usr/bin/gfortran-7', '/usr/bin/gfortran-7']

/home/hakim/spack/lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py:937, in _setup_pkg_and_run:
        934        tb_string = traceback.format_exc()
        935
        936        # build up some context from the offending package so we can
  >>    937        # show that, too.
        938        package_context = get_package_context(tb)
        939
        940        logfile = None


==> Error: hpctoolkit-2021.05.15-jkofhcw73pap6ciacwcv2mtcv6uf3n2e: Package was not installed
==> Error: Installation request failed.  Refer to reported errors for failing package(s).

我认为 gcc@7.5.0 编译器安装错误，因为他告诉我它的可执行文件丢失或不可执行。

我尝试使用 gcc@7.5.0、gcc@9.3.0 和 gcc@10.2.0 但徒劳..（我想提一下，所有编译器都安装在/usr/bin）

有什么帮助吗？

Answer 1

为了修复此错误，您应该精确指定 g++ 的路径。就我而言，以下是compilers.yaml 文件的更新内容：

compilers:
- compiler:
        spec: gcc@7.5.0
        paths:
          cc: /usr/bin/gcc-7
          cxx: null
          f77: /usr/bin/gfortran-7
          fc: /usr/bin/gfortran-7
        flags: {}
        operating_system: ubuntu20.04
        target: x86_64
        modules: []
        environment: {}
        extra_rpaths: []

- compiler:
    spec: gcc@9.3.0
    paths:
      cc: /usr/bin/gcc-9
      cxx: /usr/bin/g++-9
      f77: /usr/bin/gfortran-9
      fc: /usr/bin/gfortran-9
    flags: {}
    operating_system: ubuntu20.04
    target: x86_64
    modules: []
    environment: {}
    extra_rpaths: []

现在，它应该可以完美运行。