那些遇到过的问题

使用 Mockito 在 JUnit 5 中模拟静态方法

Aru*_*ian 30 java junit mockito powermock mockstatic

我正在尝试为 Junit 5 测试用例模拟静态类（org.apache.commons.beanutils.Beanutils）。我发现mockito-inline依赖有助于模拟静态类。我尝试在项目中使用 ，mockito-inline由于一些奇怪的原因，它在没有库的情况下给我编译错误mockito-core。

我mockito-core正在下面：

org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: 
The used MockMaker PowerMockMaker does not support the creation of static mocks

Mockito's inline mock maker supports static mocks based on the Instrumentation API.
You can simply enable this mock mode, by placing the 'mockito-inline' artifact where you are currently using 'mockito-core'.
Note that Mockito's inline mock maker is not supported on Android.
    at com.xx.xx.xx.AvroCopyPropertiesInvocationTargetExceptionScenario(CreditOfferServiceTest.java:1197)
    at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:675)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:125)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:132)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:124)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:74)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:104)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:62)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:43)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:35)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:198)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:137)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:98)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:542)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:770)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:464)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
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没有核心-编译问题。请查找不带以下内容的测试依赖项细分mockito-core：

[INFO] +- org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito2:jar:2.0.9:test
[INFO] |  \- org.powermock:powermock-api-support:jar:2.0.9:test
[INFO] |     +- org.powermock:powermock-reflect:jar:2.0.9:test
[INFO] |     \- org.powermock:powermock-core:jar:2.0.9:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-inline:jar:3.6.28:test
[INFO] |  \- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:3.1.0:test
[INFO] |     +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:jar:1.10.10:test
[INFO] |     +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:jar:1.10.10:test
[INFO] |     \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.6:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:jar:3.6.0:test
[INFO] |  \- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:jar:5.5.2:test
[INFO] |     +- org.opentest4j:opentest4j:jar:1.2.0:test
[INFO] |     \- org.junit.platform:junit-platform-commons:jar:1.5.2
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Amg*_*afy 23

您需要使用mockito-inline版本3.4.0或更高版本并mockito-core从依赖项中删除（mockito-inline取决于mockito-core因此它将自动检索）。

这样，您将正确使用mockito静态模拟，但它不会解决您发布的异常。

要修复它，您需要删除所有依赖项，powermock因为它与 发生冲突mockito并导致此错误

The used MockMaker PowerMockMaker does not support the creation of static mocks
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San*_*ani 14

就我而言，我们使用的是 spring boot 以及 spring-boot-starter-test 的以下依赖项，而mockito-core 是在 spring-boot-starter-test 内部提供的

testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
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使用 gradle 依赖项来找到它

+--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test -> 2.6.6
|    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:2.6.6 (*)
|    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:2.6.6
|    |    \--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:2.6.6 (*)
|    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:2.6.6
|    |    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:2.6.6 (*)
|    |    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:2.6.6 (*)
|    |    \--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:2.6.6 (*)
|    +--- com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.6.0
|    |    +--- net.minidev:json-smart:2.4.7 -> 2.4.8
|    |    |    \--- net.minidev:accessors-smart:2.4.8
|    |    |         \--- org.ow2.asm:asm:9.1 -> 9.3
|    |    \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.30 -> 1.7.36
|    +--- jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:2.3.3
|    |    \--- jakarta.activation:jakarta.activation-api:1.2.2
|    +--- org.assertj:assertj-core:3.21.0
|    +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest:2.2
|    +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.8.2
|    |    +--- org.junit:junit-bom:5.8.2
|    |    |    +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.8.2 (c)
|    |    |    +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.8.2 (c)
|    |    |    +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.8.2 (c)
|    |    |    \--- org.junit.platform:junit-platform-commons:1.8.2 (c)
|    |    +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.8.2
|    |    |    +--- org.junit:junit-bom:5.8.2 (*)
|    |    |    +--- org.opentest4j:opentest4j:1.2.0
|    |    |    +--- org.junit.platform:junit-platform-commons:1.8.2
|    |    |    |    +--- org.junit:junit-bom:5.8.2 (*)
|    |    |    |    \--- org.apiguardian:apiguardian-api:1.1.2
|    |    |    \--- org.apiguardian:apiguardian-api:1.1.2
|    |    \--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.8.2
|    |         +--- org.junit:junit-bom:5.8.2 (*)
|    |         +--- org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.8.2 (*)
|    |         \--- org.apiguardian:apiguardian-api:1.1.2
|    +--- org.mockito:mockito-core:4.0.0
|    |    +--- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:1.11.19 -> 1.11.22
|    |    \--- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:1.11.19 -> 1.11.22
|    +--- org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.0.0
|    |    \--- org.mockito:mockito-core:4.0.0 (*)
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因此，解决这个问题有两个步骤。

从 spring-boot-starter-test 中排除mockito-core

testImplementation ('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') 
 {
   exclude group: 'org.mockito', module :'mockito-core'
 }
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现在包括mockito-inline

testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-inline:4.6.1'
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这将解决这个问题。

  • 以下文章分享了对我有帮助的替代方案：https://www.baeldung.com/mockito-mock-static-methods#configuring-mockito-for-static-methods。这允许我配置现有的 mockito 扩展以允许内联模拟 (2认同)

Sma*_*der 12

根据https://www.baeldung.com/mockito-mock-static-methods添加以下内容：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-inline</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
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Era*_*nda 9

您必须将/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker文件添加到包含值mock-maker-inline的类路径中。最简单的方法是将其放在 src/test/resources 目录中。

有关更多详细信息，请查看 Mockito 文档。

https://javadoc.io/doc/org.mockito/mockito-core/latest/org/mockito/Mockito.html#Mocking_Final

小智 6

我有一些相同的解决步骤。

请将您的依赖项替换为以下内容。

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-inline</artifactId>
                <version>4.5.1</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
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如果使用 4.5.1 或最新版本，您的代码将可以工作

还可以使用您的 try 和资源来模拟静态方法

try (MockedStatic<WelcomeUtil> theMock = Mockito.mockStatic(WelcomeUtil.class)) {
            theMock.when(() -> WelcomeUtil.generateWelcome("John"))
                   .thenReturn("Guten Tag John");

            assertEquals("Guten Tag John", WelcomeUtil.generateWelcome("John"));
        }
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