Rails 6 Zeitwerk“弃用警告：初始化自动加载常量...”，但我不知道在哪里？

Question

我发誓我已经阅读了文档，并且我认为我对这些原理有了基本的了解，但是我一生都无法弄清楚我在哪里不恰当地加载了这些常量。

我正在升级一个最初是 Rails 5.2 的应用程序

当我运行 RSpec、服务器、本地控制台等时，我收到此警告。

DEPRECATION WARNING: Initialization autoloaded the constants ApplicationHelper, EventsHelper, FontAwesome::Rails::IconHelper, DeviseHelper, ErrorHandler, and ApplicationController.

Being able to do this is deprecated. Autoloading during initialization is going
to be an error condition in future versions of Rails.

以下是不正确自动加载的常量：

• ApplicationHelper - 标准 Rails 文件
• EventsHelper - EventsController 的标准 Rails 文件
• FontAwesome::Rails::IconHelper -来自 gem，不在我的应用程序目录中
• DeviseHelper -来自 gem，不在我的应用程序目录中
• ErrorHandler -位于“app/controllers/concerns/error_handler”
• ApplicationController -标准 Rails 文件

我寻找过可能调用这些常量的实例include，require但没有找到。我特别关注我的初始化程序。

我已经运行（并通读）bin/rails zeitwerk:check没有任何明显的提示。我看到这些实例按预期加载：

...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: constant ApplicationHelper loaded from file /Users/ckragt/ruby/filterbuildscheduler/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: constant EventsHelper loaded from file /Users/ckragt/ruby/filterbuildscheduler/app/helpers/events_helper.rb
...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: constant FontAwesome::Rails::IconHelper loaded from file /Users/ckragt/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.0/gems/font-awesome-rails-4.7.0.7/app/helpers/font_awesome/rails/icon_helper.rb
...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: constant DeviseHelper loaded from file /Users/ckragt/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.0/gems/devise-4.7.3/app/helpers/devise_helper.rb
...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: constant ErrorHandler loaded from file /Users/ckragt/ruby/filterbuildscheduler/app/controllers/concerns/error_handler.rb
...
Zeitwerk@rails.main: autoload set for ApplicationController, to be loaded from /Users/ckragt/ruby/filterbuildscheduler/app/controllers/application_controller.rb

我正在使用 Spring 和 Binstub （都更新到最新版本）。

这是我的文件的顶部application.rb：

# frozen_string_literal: true

require_relative 'boot'
require 'csv'

require 'rails'
# Pick the frameworks you want:
require 'active_model/railtie'
require 'active_job/railtie'
require 'active_record/railtie'
# require "active_storage/engine"
require 'action_controller/railtie'
require 'action_mailer/railtie'
# require 'action_mailbox/engine'
# require 'action_text/engine'
require 'action_view/railtie'
# require 'action_cable/engine'
require 'sprockets/railtie'
# require 'rails/test_unit/railtie'

require 'google/apis/gmail_v1'
require 'google/api_client/client_secrets'

# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)

module BuildPlanner
  class Application < Rails::Application
    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
    config.load_defaults 6.0
...

我还应该去哪里看看有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

事实证明这似乎与rails_admin.

我是如何学到这一点的：

其他人也分享了我对警告消息的沮丧，并请求更多帮助来追踪问题。

一项响应建议将其放在pp caller_locations正在自动加载的文件之一的顶部。这样做给了我一个可以使用的回溯。就在那时，我注意到这rails_admin在每一个中都以一条路径的形式出现。

我注意到我已经有一个巨大的require声明列表config/initializers/rails_admin.rb：

require 'money-rails/rails_admin'
require 'rails_admin/adapters/active_record'
require 'application_record'
require 'user'
require 'event'
require 'registration'
require 'location'
require 'technology'
require 'supplier'
require 'component'
require 'part'
require 'material'
require 'count'
require 'inventory'
require 'extrapolate_component_part'
require 'extrapolate_material_part'
require 'extrapolate_technology_component'
require 'extrapolate_technology_part'
require 'extrapolate_technology_material'

为了好玩，我将它们全部注释掉，然后运行 ​​RSpec 测试。我的警告消息突然变得超长，并出现了更多实例：

DEPRECATION WARNING: Initialization autoloaded the constants ApplicationHelper, EventsHelper, FontAwesome::Rails::IconHelper, DeviseHelper, ErrorHandler, ApplicationController, ApplicationRecord, User, Event, Registration, Location, Technology, Component, Part, Material, Supplier, Count, Inventory, ExtrapolateComponentPart, ExtrapolateMaterialPart, ExtrapolateTechnologyComponent, ExtrapolateTechnologyPart, and ExtrapolateTechnologyMaterial.

所以我决定在之前的实例中添加：

require 'application_helper'
require 'events_helper'
require 'devise_helper'
require 'error_handler'
require 'application_controller'

...到我已经很长的清单，我的警告信息，所有这些都FontAwesome::Rails::IconHelper消失了。我想如果我能找出正确的文件路径，我也能得到这个。