如何使用grep在Linux上显示文件名？

Question

如何grep在Linux上使用仅显示文件名(无内联匹配)？

我通常使用类似的东西:

find . -iname "*php" -exec grep -H myString {} \;

我怎样才能获得文件名(带路径),但没有匹配？我必须使用xargs吗？在我的grep手册页上,我没有看到这样做的方法.

Answer 1

标准选项grep -l(即小写L)可以做到这一点.

从Unix标准:

-l
    (The letter ell.) Write only the names of files containing selected
    lines to standard output. Pathnames are written once per file searched.
    If the standard input is searched, a pathname of (standard input) will
    be written, in the POSIX locale. In other locales, standard input may be
    replaced by something more appropriate in those locales.

-H在这种情况下你也不需要.

Answer 2

从grep(1)手册页:

  -l, --files-with-matches
          Suppress  normal  output;  instead  print the name of each input
          file from which output would normally have  been  printed.   The
          scanning  will  stop  on  the  first match.  (-l is specified by
          POSIX.)

Answer 3

对于简单的文件搜索,您可以使用grep -l和-r选项:

grep -rl "mystring"

所有的搜索都是由grep完成的.当然,如果您需要在其他参数上选择文件,find是正确的解决方案:

find . -iname "*.php" -execdir grep -l "mystring" {} +

该execdir选项为每个目录构建每个grep命令,并将文件名连接到一个命令(+).