使用 FFmpeg、python 和 opencv 显示流

Ηλί*_*δης 3 python opencv subprocess ffmpeg video-streaming

情况: 我有一个连接到树莓派的 basler 摄像头,我正在尝试使用 FFmpg 将其馈送直播到我的 Windows PC 中的 TCP 端口,以便监视摄像头前面发生的情况。

有效的事情: 我设法在树莓派上设置一个Python脚本,它负责记录帧,将它们输入管道并将它们流式传输到TCP端口。从该端口,我可以使用 FFplay 显示流。

我的问题: FFplay 非常适合快速轻松地测试您前进的方向是否正确,但我想“读取”流中的每一帧,进行一些处理,然后使用 opencv 显示流。那,我还做不到。

最低限度地表示,这是我在树莓派方面使用的代码:

command = ['ffmpeg',
           '-y',
           '-i', '-',
           '-an',
           '-c:v', 'mpeg4',
           '-r', '50',
           '-f', 'rtsp',
           '-rtsp_transport',
           'tcp','rtsp://192.168.1.xxxx:5555/live.sdp']

p = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE) 

while camera.IsGrabbing():  # send images as stream until Ctrl-C
    grabResult = camera.RetrieveResult(100, pylon.TimeoutHandling_ThrowException)
    
    if grabResult.GrabSucceeded():
        image = grabResult.Array
        image = resize_compress(image)
        p.stdin.write(image)
    grabResult.Release() 

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在我的电脑上,如果我在终端上使用以下 FFplay 命令,它就会工作并实时显示流:

ffplay -rtsp_flags listen rtsp://192.168.1.xxxx:5555/live.sdp?tcp

在我的电脑上,如果我使用以下 python 脚本,流就会开始,但它在函数中失败,cv2.imshow因为我不确定如何解码它:

import subprocess
import cv2

command = ['C:/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe',
           '-rtsp_flags', 'listen',
           '-i', 'rtsp://192.168.1.xxxx:5555/live.sdp?tcp?', 
           '-']

p1 = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

while True:
    frame = p1.stdout.read()
    cv2.imshow('image', frame)
    cv2.waitKey(1)
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有谁知道我需要在这些脚本中更改什么才能让我工作?

预先感谢您提供任何提示。

Rot*_*tem 5

我们可以从 中读取解码后的帧p1.stdout,将其转换为 NumPy 数组,然后对其进行整形。

  • 更改command以获取rawvideo格式和 BGR 像素格式的解码帧:

     command = ['C:/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe',
                '-rtsp_flags', 'listen',
                '-i', 'rtsp://192.168.1.xxxx:5555/live.sdp?tcp?',
                '-f', 'rawvideo',      # Get rawvideo output format.
                '-pix_fmt', 'bgr24',   # Set BGR pixel format
                'pipe:']               # Use stdout as output
    
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  • 从以下位置读取原始视频帧p1.stdout

     raw_frame = p1.stdout.read(width*height*3)
    
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  • 将读取的字节转换为 NumPy 数组,并将其重塑为视频帧尺寸:

     frame = np.frombuffer(raw_frame, np.uint8)
     frame = frame.reshape((height, width, 3))
    
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现在我们可以通过调用来显示框架cv2.imshow('image', frame)

该解决方案假设,我们预先知道视频帧大小 (width和)。height

width下面的代码示例包括读取和height使用的部分cv2.VideoCapture,但我不确定它是否适用于您的情况(由于'-rtsp_flags', 'listen'. (如果它确实有效,您可以尝试使用 OpenCV 而不是 FFmpeg 进行捕获)。

以下代码是一个完整的“工作示例”,使用公共 RTSP Stream 进行测试:

import cv2
import numpy as np
import subprocess

# Use public RTSP Stream for testing
in_stream = 'rtsp://wowzaec2demo.streamlock.net/vod/mp4:BigBuckBunny_115k.mp4'

if False:
    # Read video width, height and framerate using OpenCV (use it if you don't know the size of the video frames).

    # Use public RTSP Streaming for testing:
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(in_stream)

    framerate = cap.get(5) #frame rate

    # Get resolution of input video
    width  = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
    height = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))

    # Release VideoCapture - it was used just for getting video resolution
    cap.release()
else:
    # Set the size here, if video frame size is known
    width = 240
    height = 160


command = ['C:/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe', # Using absolute path for example (in Linux replacing 'C:/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe' with 'ffmpeg' supposes to work).
           #'-rtsp_flags', 'listen',   # The "listening" feature is not working (probably because the stream is from the web)
           '-rtsp_transport', 'tcp',   # Force TCP (for testing)
           '-max_delay', '30000000',   # 30 seconds (sometimes needed because the stream is from the web).
           '-i', in_stream,
           '-f', 'rawvideo',           # Video format is raw video
           '-pix_fmt', 'bgr24',        # bgr24 pixel format matches OpenCV default pixels format.
           '-an', 'pipe:']

# Open sub-process that gets in_stream as input and uses stdout as an output PIPE.
ffmpeg_process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

while True:
    # Read width*height*3 bytes from stdout (1 frame)
    raw_frame = ffmpeg_process.stdout.read(width*height*3)

    if len(raw_frame) != (width*height*3):
        print('Error reading frame!!!')  # Break the loop in case of an error (too few bytes were read).
        break

    # Convert the bytes read into a NumPy array, and reshape it to video frame dimensions
    frame = np.frombuffer(raw_frame, np.uint8).reshape((height, width, 3))

    # Show the video frame
    cv2.imshow('image', frame)
    if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
        break
  

ffmpeg_process.stdout.close()  # Closing stdout terminates FFmpeg sub-process.
ffmpeg_process.wait()  # Wait for FFmpeg sub-process to finish

cv2.destroyAllWindows()
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示例框架(仅供娱乐):
在此输入图像描述


更新:

使用FFprobe读取宽度和高度:

当我们事先不知道视频分辨率时,我们可以使用它FFprobe来获取信息。

width以下是供阅读和height使用的代码示例FFprobe

import subprocess
import json

# Use public RTSP Stream for testing
in_stream = 'rtsp://wowzaec2demo.streamlock.net/vod/mp4:BigBuckBunny_115k.mp4'

probe_command = ['C:/ffmpeg/bin/ffprobe.exe',
                 '-loglevel', 'error',
                 '-rtsp_transport', 'tcp',  # Force TCP (for testing)]
                 '-select_streams', 'v:0',  # Select only video stream 0.
                 '-show_entries', 'stream=width,height', # Select only width and height entries
                 '-of', 'json', # Get output in JSON format
                 in_stream]

# Read video width, height using FFprobe:
p0 = subprocess.Popen(probe_command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
probe_str = p0.communicate()[0] # Reading content of p0.stdout (output of FFprobe) as string
p0.wait()
probe_dct = json.loads(probe_str) # Convert string from JSON format to dictonary.

# Get width and height from the dictonary
width = probe_dct['streams'][0]['width']
height = probe_dct['streams'][0]['height']
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