为什么“dotnet ef migrations add”会抛出 Win32Exception？

Question

我有一个带有实体框架 DbContext 的 dotnet core v3.1 项目。当我尝试运行时：

dotnet ef migrations add someMigrationName

将抛出此异常：

System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception (2): No such file or directory
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.ForkAndExecProcess(String filename, String[] argv, String[] envp, String cwd, Boolean redirectStdin, Boolean redirectStdout, Boolean redirectStderr, Boolean setCredentials, UInt32 userId, UInt32 groupId, UInt32[] groups, Int32& stdinFd, Int32& stdoutFd, Int32& stderrFd, Boolean usesTerminal, Boolean throwOnNoExec)
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.StartCore(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.Start()
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Exe.Run(String executable, IReadOnlyList`1 args, String workingDirectory, Boolean interceptOutput)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Project.FromFile(String file, String buildExtensionsDir, String framework, String configuration, String runtime)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.RootCommand.Execute(String[] _)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Commands.CommandBase.<>c__DisplayClass0_0.<Configure>b__0(String[] args)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Cli.CommandLine.CommandLineApplication.Execute(String[] args)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Program.Main(String[] args)
No such file or directory

我的开发环境是Linux基本操作系统（Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS）和rider IDE。

它可能无关紧要，但是当我尝试调试我的xunit测试时，它会返回此警告并且无法开始执行。

所有这些命令都正常工作并显示所有选项：

1. 点网
2. 点网EF
3. dotnet ef 迁移

但是当我使用这些选项时引发异常：

• dotnet ef 迁移添加
• dotnet ef 迁移列表

另外，我使用详细选项运行命令，这是输出：

Using project '/media/navid/9bf0167c-d789-4e06-9e23-4023ec551745/Stuff/Work/SabaCell/venus/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement.csproj'.
Using startup project '/media/navid/9bf0167c-d789-4e06-9e23-4023ec551745/Stuff/Work/SabaCell/venus/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement.csproj'.
Writing '/media/navid/9bf0167c-d789-4e06-9e23-4023ec551745/Stuff/Work/SabaCell/venus/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement/obj/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement.csproj.EntityFrameworkCore.targets'...
dotnet msbuild /target:GetEFProjectMetadata /property:EFProjectMetadataFile=/tmp/tmpUud0Xf.tmp /verbosity:quiet /nologo /media/navid/9bf0167c-d789-4e06-9e23-4023ec551745/Stuff/Work/SabaCell/venus/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement/Venus.CustomerProfileManagement.csproj
System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception (2): No such file or directory
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.ForkAndExecProcess(String filename, String[] argv, String[] envp, String cwd, Boolean redirectStdin, Boolean redirectStdout, Boolean redirectStderr, Boolean setCredentials, UInt32 userId, UInt32 groupId, UInt32[] groups, Int32& stdinFd, Int32& stdoutFd, Int32& stderrFd, Boolean usesTerminal, Boolean throwOnNoExec)
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.StartCore(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.Start()
   at System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Exe.Run(String executable, IReadOnlyList`1 args, String workingDirectory, Boolean interceptOutput)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Project.FromFile(String file, String buildExtensionsDir, String framework, String configuration, String runtime)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.RootCommand.Execute(String[] _)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Commands.CommandBase.<>c__DisplayClass0_0.<Configure>b__0(String[] args)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Cli.CommandLine.CommandLineApplication.Execute(String[] args)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.Program.Main(String[] args)
No such file or directory

这是在我的环境中运行dotnet --info的结果：

.NET Core SDK (reflecting any global.json):
 Version:   3.1.405
 Commit:    3fae16e62e

Runtime Environment:
 OS Name:     elementary
 OS Version:  5.1.7
 OS Platform: Linux
 RID:         linux-x64
 Base Path:   /usr/share/dotnet/sdk/3.1.405/

Host (useful for support):
  Version: 3.1.11
  Commit:  f5eceb8105

.NET Core SDKs installed:
  3.1.405 [/usr/share/dotnet/sdk]

.NET Core runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.11 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.11 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET Core runtimes or SDKs:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

Answer 1

删除符号链接对我来说不起作用。我必须重新安装 dotnet-ef 工具：

dotnet new tool-manifest

dotnet tool install dotnet-ef

这解决了问题:)

Answer 2

这对我有帮助，

我dotnet symlink在/usr/local/bin/(macOS)中删除了