如何在单元测试中模拟 AmazonSQS 而不调用 SQS？

Question

我的Java班级中有以下方法：

public class AwsHelper {

  private AmazonSQS sqs;

  private void sendMessageToQueue(String message){

        sqs = AmazonSQSClientBuilder.defaultClient();

        SendMessageRequest sendMessageRequest = new SendMessageRequest();
        sendMessageRequest.setQueueUrl("");
        sendMessageRequest.setMessageBody(message);
        sendMessageRequest.setMessageGroupId("");

        sqs.sendMessage(sendMessageRequest);
}

我希望能够模拟 的行为，sqs.sendMessage(sendMessageRequest);以便我的单元测试不会将消息发送到队列。

我在我的测试类中尝试这样做，但sqs实际上在我的测试执行时向队列发送了一条消息。假设这是由于被分配了AmazonSQSClientBuilder.defaultClient()。

我该如何解决这个问题？

public class AwsSQSReferralsUtilTest {
    
        @Spy
        @InjectMocks
        private AwsHelper awsHelper;
    
        @Mock
        AmazonSQS sqs;
    
        @BeforeClass
        public void setUp() {
            MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        }
    
        @AfterMethod
        public void afterEachMethod() {
            Mockito.reset(awsHelper);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void shouldSendMessage() {
    
            Mockito.when((sqs.sendMessage(any(SendMessageRequest.class)))).thenReturn(new SendMessageResult());
    
            awsHelper.sendMessageToQueue("");
        }
}

Answer 1

我建议使用文章中的方法：https ://github.com/mockito/mockito/wiki/Mocking-Object-Creation

您需要对一个类进行一些更改，通过以下方式应用文章中的模拟方法：

AWS助手

public class AwsHelper {

    private AmazonSQS sqs;

    public void sendMessageToQueue(String message) {
        sqs = defaultClient();

        SendMessageRequest sendMessageRequest = new SendMessageRequest();
        sendMessageRequest.setQueueUrl("");
        sendMessageRequest.setMessageBody(message);
        sendMessageRequest.setMessageGroupId("");

        sqs.sendMessage(sendMessageRequest);
    }

    protected AmazonSQS defaultClient() {
        return AmazonSQSClientBuilder.defaultClient();
    }
}

AwsSQSReferralsUtilTest

public class AwsSQSReferralsUtilTest {

    @Spy
    private AwsHelper awsHelper;

    @Mock
    private AmazonSQS sqs;

    @BeforeClass
    public void setUp() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }
    
    @AfterMethod
    public void afterEachMethod() {
        Mockito.reset(awsHelper);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldSendMessage() {
        //mocking object creation
        doReturn(sqs).when(awsHelper).defaultClient();

        when(sqs.sendMessage(any(SendMessageRequest.class))).thenReturn(new SendMessageRequest());
        awsHelper.sendMessageToQueue("");
    }

}