Pandas Dataframe 根据长度替换字符串

Question

我有一个大约 160,000 行的 pandas 数据框 (df2)。我正在尝试更改列（url）中的一些值。

此列中的字符串长度介于 108 到 150 个字符之间。如果字符串不是 108 个字符，我想用相同的字符串替换它，并剪掉最后 10 个字符。IF 字符串有 108 个字符。我想别管它。请注意，我并不是想让每个字符串都包含 108 个字符，我只是想截掉任何不是 108 个字符的字符串的最后 10 个字符。

示例：len(s) = 114，替换为 s[:-10]

我构建了一个可以执行此操作的函数，但它非常慢，可能是因为它在每个循环中重建数据帧。

for i in df2.url:
    if len(i) != 108:
        new_i = i[:-10]
        df2 = df2.replace(i,new_i)

必须有一种更快的方法来做到这一点，但我一直不知道如何做。我希望有更精通熊猫的人提供专业知识。

下面是我尝试更改的 200 行列的示例：

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 'http://matchhistory.na.leagueoflegends.com/en/#match-details/ESPORTSTMNT01/1304356?gameHash=fc584c5143087c0b',
 'http://matchhistory.na.leagu

    

Answer 1

基本解决方案

下面的解决方案利用了lambda在调用中定义的函数pandas.DataFrame.apply()。

df['url'] = df['url'].apply(lambda x: x if len(x) == 108 else x[:-10])

df['url']这里，如果 ， ( )中的每个值x保持不变len(x) == 108，否则更新为x[:-10]。

处理异常

下面的解决方案与上面提供的类似，但是在这种情况下，一些基本的异常处理已在url_trim()调用的函数中实现pandas.DataFrame.apply()。

pandas.DataFrame.apply()这比第一个解决方案更强大，并且当由于行中的意外值而引发异常时，不会停止代码执行df['url']，在这些情况下，该值只是保持不变 - 例如 ifnumpy.nan用于 null 值。

def url_trim(x):
    try:
        if len(x) != 108:
            return x[:-10]
        else:
            return x
    except:
        return x

df['url'] = df['url'].apply(lambda x: url_trim(x))