python 中单词的动名词形式

Question

我想获得字符串的动名词形式。我还没有找到调用库来获取动名词的直接方法。

我应用了以“ing”结尾的单词的规则，但是因为异常导致我收到了一些错误。然后，我检查 cmu 单词以确保生成的动名词单词正确。代码如下：

import cmudict
import re

ing= 'ing'
vowels = "aeiou"
consonants = "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz"
words=['lead','take','hit','begin','stop','refer','visit']
cmu_words= cmudict.words()
g_w = []

for word in words:
    if word[-1] == 'e':
        if word[:-1] + ing in cmu_words:
            g_w.append(word[:-1] + ing)             
    elif count_syllables(word) == 1 and word[-2] in vowels and word[-1] in consonants:
        if word.__len__()>2 and word[-3] in vowels:
            if word + ing in cmu_words:
                g_w.append(word + ing)                 
        else:
            if word + word[-1] + ing in cmu_words:
                g_w.append(word + word[-1] + ing)
    elif count_syllables(word)>1 and word[-2] in vowels and word[-1] in consonants:
        if word + word[-1]+ ing in cmu_words:
            g_w.append(word + word[-1]+ ing)            
        else:
            if word + ing in cmu_words:
                g_w.append(word + ing) 
    
print(g_w)

规则如下：

when a verb ends in "e", drop the "e" and add "-ing". For example: "take + ing = taking".
when a one-syllable verb ends in vowel + consonant, double the final consonant and add "-ing". For example: "hit + ing = hitting".
When a verb ends in vowel + consonant with stress on the final syllable, double the consonant and add "-ing". For example: "begin + ing = beginning".
Do not double the consonant of words with more than one syllable if the stress is not on the final

是否有更有效的方法来获取字符串的动名词（如果存在）？

谢谢

Answer 1

也许这就是您正在寻找的。图书馆名为pyinflect

一个用于单词变形的 python 模块，用作 spaCy 扩展。要独立使用，请导入方法 getAllInflections 和/或 getInflection 并直接调用它们。getInflection 方法采用引理和 Penn Treebank 标记，并返回与其关联的特定变形的元组。

有多种标签可用于获取词形变化，包括您正在寻找的“VBG”标签（动词、动名词）。

pos_type = 'A'
* JJ      Adjective
* JJR     Adjective, comparative
* JJS     Adjective, superlative
* RB      Adverb
* RBR     Adverb, comparative
* RBS     Adverb, superlative

pos_type = 'N'
* NN      Noun, singular or mass
* NNS     Noun, plural

pos_type = 'V'
* VB      Verb, base form
* VBD     Verb, past tense
* VBG     Verb, gerund or present participle
* VBN     Verb, past participle
* VBP     Verb, non-3rd person singular present
* VBZ     Verb, 3rd person singular present
* MD      Modal

这是一个示例实现。

#!pip install pyinflect
from pyinflect import getInflection

words = ['lead','take','hit','begin','stop','refer','visit']
[getInflection(i, 'VBG') for i in words]

[('leading',),
 ('taking',),
 ('hitting',),
 ('beginning',),
 ('stopping', 'stoping'),
 ('referring',),
 ('visiting',)]

注意：作者设置了一个更复杂和基准化的库，它可以进行词形还原和词形变化，称为LemmInflect. 如果您想要比上述库更可靠的东西，请检查一下。语法与上面几乎相同。