显示错误的打字稿过滤器无法分配给类型

Question

这是行不通的。显示错误 Type '(Person | null)[]' is not assignable to type 'Person[]'. Type 'Person | null' is not assignable to type 'Person'. Type 'null' is not assignable to type 'Person'.

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interface Person {\n  name: string;\n}\n\nfunction filterPersons(persons: Array<Person | null>): Array<Person> {\n    return persons.filter(person => person !== null)\n}\n\nfunction run() {\n    const persons: Array<Person | null> = []\n    persons.push(null)\n    filterPersons(persons)\n}\n\nrun()\n

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但这正在起作用

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interface Person {\n  name: string;\n}\n\nfunction filterPersons(persons: Array<Person | null>): Array<Person> {\n    return persons.filter(person => person !== null) as Array<Person>\n}\n\nfunction run() {\n    const persons: Array<Person | null> = []\n    persons.push(null)\n    filterPersons(persons)\n}\n\nrun()\n

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有什么解释吗？有更好的解决方案吗？谢谢\xef\xb8\x8f

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Answer 1

第一段代码persons.filter(person => person !== null)不会进行类型检查，因为 TSC 无法理解您的代码实际上正在将数组项类型缩小为Person。

您可以通过将过滤器函数声明为类型保护来帮助它。游乐场。

interface Person {
  name: string;
}

// notice person is Person return type
const isPerson = (person: Person | null) : person is Person => person !== null

function filterPersons(persons: Array<Person | null>): Array<Person> {
    return persons.filter(isPerson)
}

function run() {
    const maybePersons: Array<Person | null> = []
    maybePersons.push(null)
    const persons: Person[] = filterPersons(maybePersons)
    console.log(persons)
}

run()